Research On Design And Coordination Optimization Of Multi-type Demand Response Projects In The Electricity Market Environment

Under the "dual carbon" goal,a new power system with new energy as the main body is being built.The large-scale access of intermittent new energy has put forward higher requirements on the system flexibility.The previous mechanism of fully absorbing wind power and balancing its output intermittent on the power generation side is no longer suitable for the development of the power system.In the power system,the scale of elastic loads such as new energy vehicles,electric heating,distributed energy storage on the user side,and smart home appliances is huge.With the improvement of the power market mechanism,the gradual deepening of users’ understanding of the power market and the improvement of their enthusiasm for participation,it is possible for new energy power generators to use multiple types of demand response projects to balance their own output fluctuations in the electricity market environment.Closely combined with the actual demand response in my country,the design method of the demand response mechanism oriented to the overall demand of the system is sorted out and studied,which provide a theoretical basis for the government to formulate demand response policies..On this basis,the design and coordination problems of various demand response projects for wind power companies are studied in combination with the demand for smoothing power fluctuations of wind power.The theoretical results have certain reference value for engineering application.Firstly,the design method of demand response project oriented to the overall demand of the system is researched.The implementation mechanism of emergency demand response is sorted out,and the theoretical funding source is proposed.The implementation mechanism of bidding demand response is sorted out,and the use of pumped storage power stations as an alternative power supply design subsidy standard ceiling pricing model is innovatively proposed.Based on the typical foreign capacity compensation mechanisms,their domestic adaptability is discussed.Based on the latest electricity price policy and the high penetration rate of new energy sources,the concept of net load is proposed to optimize the fuzzy semi-trapezoidal membership degree peakvalley time division method.The peak-valley time-of-use price model based on the cost-benefit function of generators and users has been improved.From the perspective of engineering application,based on the concept of net load,a static and dynamic peak time division method is proposed,and an innovative method for calculating the peak electricity price increment based on the model of generation cost increment and transmission and distribution cost increment is proposed.The rationality of the biddingtype demand response subsidy standard upper limit model and the peak electricity price pricing model are respectively verified by calculation examples.Secondly,the design and coordination optimization of the multi-type demand response project for the wind power supplier in the day-ahead market is studied.In the day-ahead market,when wind power output is insufficient to cover the medium and long-term contracts,the wind power suppliers based on time-of-use electricity prices and forecast real-time electricity prices uses peak-shaving incentive demand response to avoid the risk in the real-time market.A demand response project with the wind power supplier as the main body of implementation is designed.Cost-benefit models for the wind power supplier and the users are constructed.A Stackelberg game model dominated by the wind power supplier is formed with both parties pursuing the maximization of their own benefits which is solved by the Salp Swarm algorithm.The validity of the model is verified by an example.Thirdly,the design and coordination optimization of the multi-type demand response project for the wind power supplier in the real-time market is studied.In the real-time market,in the scenario of the ultra-short-term output of wind power increasing sharply due to the increase of the wind speed,a coordinated optimization method for emergency demand response and capacity compensation mechanisms is proposed to urge users to actively track wind power output fluctuations.Cost-benefit models for the wind power supplier and the users are constructed.A Stackelberg game model dominated by the wind power supplier is formed with both parties pursuing the maximization of their own benefits which is solved by the Particle Swarm optimization.The validity of the mechanism and the optimization model is verified by an example.