A Comparative Study On The Architectural Space Form Of Huizhou Merchants And Shanxi Merchants’ Houses In The Ming And Qing Dynasties

As the two most important business gangs during the Ming and Qing Dynasties,both Hui merchants and Shanxi merchants have a solid economic foundation.They often spend huge sums of money to build a large number of large-scale and exquisite residential buildings,which are formed in the radiation area of their influence.The representative residential buildings of the Hui and Jin factions have their own characteristics,and many of them have been preserved to this day,which can better reflect the highest level of civil construction technology and concepts in the two places during this period.The regional characteristics and achievements of architecture are recognized and highly praised by scholars.Taking the spatial form of Huizhou merchants and Shanxi Merchants’ residential buildings in the Ming and Qing Dynasties as the research object,this paper studies the characteristics of each component of the spatial form system of Huizhou merchants and Shanxi Merchants’ residential buildings,the external influencing factors brought by their regional environment,and the interaction between the external influencing factors through the methods of literature research,field investigation,case study,data analysis,comparative analysis and system analysis.By comparing the differences between the spatial form system of Huizhou merchants’ and Shanxi Merchants’ residential buildings and their respective external influencing factors,it highlights the characteristics of the components of the spatial form of regional residential buildings and the characteristics and commonness of the external influencing factors in the mode of action and internal correlation in the process of evolution.The article is divided into six chapters:The first chapter is the introduction,which expounds the research object,purpose and significance of this paper.With the help of the evolution and results of research in related fields,this paper puts forward the research content and corresponding research methods,and establishes the research framework.The second chapter is divided into four parts: space and form,system theory,spatial syntax,photogrammetry and modeling.It briefly introduces the main theories used in the research,the research process and the main methods of processing information and data in later analysis.With the help of the existing basic research data,the third and fourth chapters respectively study the characteristics of the constituent elements,plane layout,spatial organization and scale of the architectural space form of Huizhou merchants’ and Shanxi Merchants’ residential buildings from the perspectives of architecture and human geography,and analyze the specific impact of the local natural and human environment factors in the process of their emergence and development.With the help of the space syntax theory,the convex space analysis method and the line of sight analysis method are adopted to carry out quantitative research while briefly introducing and analyzing the spatial forms of Huizhou merchants’ and Jin Merchants’ residential buildings,so as to obtain the variable values of their architectural spatial structures.Based on this,the characteristics of their spatial forms are deeply analyzed and interpreted,and the social and cultural patterns reflected in the spatial forms of regional residential buildings are explored,And it is mutually confirmed with the existing research results from the traditional perspective.The fifth chapter systematically compares the conclusions obtained in the above research,and obtains the commonness and characteristics of the components of the spatial form of Huizhou merchants and Shanxi Merchants’ residential buildings,the main influence modes and interaction modes of the external influencing factors on the components of the regional residential architectural spatial form system.The sixth chapter summarizes the above comparative research,expounds the innovation,points out the shortcomings from the aspects of research methods and contents,and looks forward to it.This study studies the internal composition and external influencing factors of the architectural space form of Huizhou merchants and Shanxi Merchants’ houses with the concept of system.Through the comparison of the architectural space form of Huizhou merchants and Shanxi Merchants’ houses affected by the natural environment and social culture in their respective regions in the process of evolution,it is found that the characteristics and commonness of the internal relationship of the elements and influencing factors in the spatial form system,in order to be used in the contemporary architectural design and creation,Through the appropriate response to these links,the context characteristics of regional residential buildings are vividly displayed.