Study On The Optimization Of Village Settlement Layout In The Loess Hilly Region Of Longzhong

With the continuous outflow of rural population in China’s urbanization process,the problems of hollowing out and aging of rural areas are becoming more and more prominent,which in turn lead to problems such as high rate of idle houses,inefficient land use,low degree of spatial aggregation,difficulties in balancing facilities and low utilization rate,etc.The contradiction between people and land in rural settlements is prominent and restricts rural economic development.In the context of rural revitalization,the organization and layout optimization of settlements play an important role in promoting rural spatial reconstruction,rational allocation of resources,improvement of human living environment and continuity of village vitality.Based on the requirements of optimizing the layout of rural residential areas at the level of new urbanization and rural revitalization strategy,this paper aims to actively adapt to the trend of rural shrinkage and efficient allocation of resources,and selects Majiji Town as the research object to study the distribution characteristics of rural residential areas in Majiji Town with the help of GIS spatial analysis function.In this paper,the theoretical and practical potential values of rural residential areas are estimated by combining the construction land standard per capita and per household with the method of constructing the modified index system,and the suitability level of rural residential area distribution is evaluated based on the MCR model.According to the actual situation and suitability zoning results of rural residential areas in Majjiaji Town,the types of residential area optimization are divided and corresponding optimization strategies are proposed.This paper provides a quantitative research method for the optimization of residential settlement layout in the loess hilly area of Longzhong.The main research results are as follows:(1)Analysis of the current distribution characteristics of rural settlements.(1)The distribution of population density in Majia town is characterized by high density in the middle and southwest and low density in the northeast,and the villages with high population density are close to the town government;(2)The scale of rural settlements in the town is large,and the per capita and per household construction land area seriously exceeds the standard,and the distribution of settlements in each village is scattered,but the difference in spatial distribution is obvious;(3)From the results of nuclear density analysis,the overall distribution shows the characteristics of dense south and sparse north,and the high-density core area is adjacent to The high-density core areas are adjacent to traffic arteries,rivers and commercial centers.(2)Estimation of the consolidation potential of rural residential areas.(1)The theoretical potential value of rural residential land consolidation in Majiji town is 151.77 hectares,and the practical potential value under the influence of resource conditions,social economy and construction conditions is 63.80 hectares,accounting for 16.04% of the rural residential land area in the town.The potential value of rural residential land consolidation is relatively large,and there are significant differences among administrative villages.(2)According to the results of settlement consolidation potential,the settlement in different potential areas is divided into three potential levels.According to the different potential area,settlement dispersion degree and economic income,the arrangement method and timing are different.(3)Suitability zoning based on MCR model.The resistance surface system of the MCR model is constructed from the topography,location and land use,and the minimum resistance value is derived,then combined with the current situation of the distribution of rural settlements in Majiaji town,it is divided into five rural settlement suitability zones: high,comparative,general,less suitable and extremely unsuitable.However,nearly 30% of the settlements are located in the less suitable and extremely unsuitable zones.(4)Optimize the layout of rural settlements.Combining the suitability zoning results and the characteristics of the settlements themselves,the rural settlements in Majiaji town are classified into four types: focus development type,potential optimization type,scale control type,and migration and consolidation type,and the optimization plan of settlement layout is further determined after formulating the optimization strategy for settlement classification.The results show that the number and area of settlements are reduced,and the average area and density of settlements are increased.