High Speed Rail Fare Optimization And Adjustment Based On Different Economic Regions

With the rapid development of China’s economy,the marketization of high-speed railway is gradually deepening.In 2016,the national development and Reform Commission issued the notice on reforming and improving the passenger ticket price policy of high-speed railway multiple units,marking the transformation of high-speed railway operating enterprises from the implementer of the initial ticket price to the maker of the ticket price of high-speed railway multiple units.Since the release of the notice,various Railway Bureau Group Co.,Ltd.have made tentative adjustments to the ticket price of high-speed railway,and the differentiated pricing of high-speed railway has also attracted the attention of academic circles.According to the demand of the transportation market,flexibly adjusting the ticket price,formulating a reasonable ticket price system and improving the ticket price formulation mechanism of high-speed railway have extremely important theoretical and practical significance for giving full play to the advantages of high-speed railway transportation and improving the long-term loss of high-speed railway revenue.In addition,China has a wide geographical range and there are great differences in the development levels of different economic regions.Therefore,it is more scientific and reasonable to study the differentiated pricing system of high-speed railway fares based on different economic regions.The main contents of this paper are as follows:Based on the analysis of foreign mature high-speed railway ticket price system,this paper analyzes the ticket price system of China’s high-speed railway at the present stage,summarizes the shortcomings of China’s high-speed railway ticket price system,and constructs a high-speed railway ticket price optimization and adjustment model based on multi-stage and double-level planning,which involves two stages.The first stage is the stage of passengers’ choice of different transportation modes in different economic regions.According to the theory of economic region division,each Railway Group Co.,Ltd.is divided into four economic regions:the East,the middle,the northeast and the West;According to the theory of high-speed railway passenger market segmentation,the passengers in the same economic region are divided into six types of passenger groups:business type,official type,commuter type,engineering type,leisure type and potential type.On this basis,a bilevel programming model based on different economic regions is established.The optimization goal of the model is to minimize the total generalized travel cost of all kinds of passengers in different economic regions and maximize the income of high-speed railway operators.The sensitivity analysis algorithm is used to solve the model to obtain the optimal ticket price of all kinds of passengers in different economic regions.The second stage is the selection stage of the same type of passengers in the same economic region for different levels of high-speed railway passenger transport products.According to the differences of service attributes of different types of high-speed railway passenger transport products,the high-speed railway passenger transport products are classified.A bilevel programming model based on the division of different passenger transport products is established.The optimization objectives of the model are to minimize the generalized travel cost paid by the same type of passengers in the same economic region for different levels of high-speed railway passenger transport products and maximize the income of high-speed railway operation enterprises.The sensitivity analysis algorithm is used to solve the model to obtain the optimal ticket price of high-speed railway when different types of passengers choose different passenger transport products in different economic regions.Finally,taking Baoji South Lanzhou west section of Baoji Lanzhou high speed railway and Shijiazhuang Taiyuan South section of Shijiazhuang Taiyuan high speed railway as examples,representing the western region and the central region respectively,the multi-stage bilevel programming model is solved to obtain its optimized ticket price.Compared with the current fare,the optimized fare of Baoji South Lanzhou west section of Baoji Lanzhou high-speed railway will increase the profit of high-speed railway by 18.5%and reduce the generalized travel cost of passengers by 13.3%;After the ticket price optimization of Shijiazhuang Taiyuan South section of Shijiazhuang Taiyuan high-speed railway,the profit of high-speed railway increased by 19.7%;The broad travel expenses of passengers decreased by 11.6%.The comparison results show that the optimized ticket price of high-speed railway based on different economic regions can improve the income of high-speed railway operators and better meet the travel needs of passengers on the basis of considering the differences of economic development levels in different economic regions.