Research On The Pricing Of High-speed Rail Express Based On The Bi-level Programming Model

With the rapid development of e-commerce,the market demand of express logistics industry keeps growing,and the continuous and rapid growth of small goods transportation market demand brings opportunities for the development of high-speed rail express.The promotion of market competitiveness of high-speed rail express requires differential pricing of high-speed rail express and its products.In this paper,the bi-level programming pricing model of high-speed rail express is established,which aims at maximizing the income of railway enterprises and optimizing the utility of shippers themselves.Three transport sections of Shenyang-Dalian,Beijing-Shenyang and Beijing – Harbin are selected for example analysis.The paper firstly interprets the connotation of high-speed rail express and analyzes the high-speed rail express from the aspects of operation subjects,development process,organization mode and so on.At the same time,the paper summarizes the products provided by the high-speed rail express and the appropriate cargo categories.Secondly,the high-speed railway express market is analyzed from qualitative and quantitative aspects.SWOT method is used to analyze qualitatively the market environment of high-speed rail express in our country,and the generalized cost functions of different transportation modes and different products are constructed.The market competition of high-speed rail express is quantitatively analyzed.The generalized cost function is the key to establish a bi-level programming model.This paper focuses on the study of the optimization of high-speed rail express freight rates,and considers both railway departments and shippers to establish a bi-level programming model to optimize the high-speed rail express freight rates,respectively establishing pricing models based on different transportation modes and pricing models based on different products of highspeed rail express,and dividing the pricing problem into two stages for analysis.The first stage is based on the pricing of different modes of transportation.Firstly,the service range of highspeed rail express is divided into three categories: short-distance,mid-distance and longdistance.Then,taking the maximization of the income of railway transportation enterprises and the maximum utility of freight owners as the objective function,a bi-level programming model is established,and the heuristic algorithm based on sensitivity analysis is used to solve the problem,and finally the optimal freight rate of high-speed rail express is obtained.The second stage is to set prices for different products of high-speed rail express.Based on the optimal freight rate of high-speed rail express under different transportation distances obtained in the first stage,the pricing model of differentiated products of high-speed rail express is constructed to obtain the optimal freight rate of different products under different transportation distances.Finally,some suggestions are provided for the optimization of Chinese high-speed rail express freight rate.The research shows that high-speed rail express enterprises should combine their own advantages and market demand,focus on the short-distance and mid-distance transportation market,and improve the market share of small goods through market-based differential freight rates.