Research On The Pricing Of Passenger Transport Products Of Beijing-Guangzhou High-speed Railway Under The Influence Of Competition From Civil Aviation

With the increasingly fierce competition between high speed railway and aviation,the high speed railway market is facing more and more competitive pressure.The longterm single ticket price affects the share of high speed railway in high speed passenger transport market.At the same time,the long-term single fare system makes the fare unable to effectively adjust the passenger flow of each train,resulting in the same OD passenger flow of different train serious imbalance.The passenger flow of trains with good departure time and short travel time is large,while the occupancy rate of trains with unreasonable departure time and long travel time is extremely low,resulting in the waste of high-speed railway transport capacity and the loss of enterprise income.For the purpose of solving the single ticket price problem of high-speed railway,this paper mainly studies the pricing of high-speed rail passenger transport products under the influence of civil aviation from the following aspects:(1)Refer to domestic and foreign literatures on influencing factors of passenger travel,passenger classification,competition between high speed rail and civil aviation,and high-speed rail fare optimization,and analyze theories and models of high-speed rail fare optimization.(2)The factors that passengers pay attention to when choosing high-speed rail or civil aviation are sorted out,and the passenger choice behavior of high-speed passenger channel is analyzed.This section introduces the game theory and points out that the game form of high-speed railway and civil aviation should be dynamic game under the condition of complete information.Finally,the section introduces the relevant theories of differential pricing and expounds the feasibility and necessity of differential pricing for high-speed railway passenger products in China.(3)Take Beijing-Guangzhou passenger Corridor as an example.Based on the explicit variables of age,gender,monthly income,Whether to travel at public expense,the time to purchase tickets in advance,and the most important attributes,the latent class model is used to divide high-speed passengers into three types: plan-price-sensitive,temporary-mixed and plan-business,and analyze the characteristics of different types of passengers.(4)This section clarifies the strategies of all the participants in the high speed passenger transport market.The game pricing model of HSR and aviation is constructed.High level planning model of high-speed railway and aviation operation enterprises take profit maximization as the goal respectively,and the objective of the lower level planning is to minimize the generalized travel cost of passengers.A game pricing algorithm for high-speed railway and civil aviation based on sensitivity analysis is designed.Take the Beijing-Zhengzhou,Beijing-Wuhan and Beijing-Guangzhou sections of the BeijingGuangzhou Corridor as examples.By analyzing the pricing situation of high-speed rail and aviation operators for different types of passengers under different transportation distances,the results show that the competition between high-speed rail and aviation in Beijing-Wuhan is the most intense,and the game pricing model can provide game ticket prices for different types of passengers and avoid the vicious competition between highspeed rail and civil aviation.(5)The differential pricing model of high-speed railway passenger products based on game ticket price is established.Taking Beijing-Wuhan and Beijing-Guangzhou sections as the study sections,the passenger transport products are divided according to the departure time and travel time of high-speed railway trains.The ticket price and passenger flow of each passenger product are calculated.The results indicate that the model can availably balance the passenger flow of each passenger product and improve the revenue of railway sector.