With the accelerated pace of rural revitalization,the state also pays more and more attention to the construction of traditional houses and the inheritance and development of wisdom.The complex topography and landform along the Yellow River in Inner Mongolia and the climate characteristics of drought and little rain have also promoted the emergence and development of a number of folk houses with regional context.After the migration of population,the transformation of production mode and the collision and blending of multi-cultural,the adaptive production and life style of farming and animal husbandry is finally formed,and the residential buildings are also gradually changing from the regionality of local materials to the process of adaptability.Now,under the background of rural development along the Yellow River in Inner Mongolia,how to reasonably explore the construction wisdom of traditional residential buildings is of great significance to the protection and development of traditional residential buildings.In this thesis,the dwellings in various areas along the Yellow River Basin in Inner Mongolia are divided into three types: cave dwellings,civil dwellings and brick and wood dwellings.Through batch investigation of some villages in Hohhot,Baotou,Ordos,Wuhai,Bayannur and Alxa Left Banner,we look for craftsmen to communicate among the people,integrate multi-disciplinary and multi perspective,and use the methods of literature collection,field investigation and computer simulation.Firstly,it focuses on the geographical environment,regional background,historical context,national culture and customs,and the basic current situation of villages and dwellings in the study area;Then,through three chapters,this thesis studies the construction technology,construction technology and green performance of the three kinds of folk houses respectively.The construction technology includes planning preparation,site selection custom,construction process,craftsman and inheritance mechanism,construction tool measurement unit,process type and material processing and production,courtyard and indoor space function form;The construction technology part studies the enclosure system,load-bearing system,indoor and outdoor decoration,facade and other structural systems;In the green performance part,according to the different influencing factors of each test value,representative houses are selected to simulate and analyze the scenery and thermal environment respectively;Finally,according to the analysis and comparison of residential construction skills,technology and green performance in the previous chapters,the construction wisdom is summarized according to the development process from regionality to adaptability,combined with the green construction wisdom,so as to form a complete construction wisdom system for the three types of residential buildings.The construction wisdom system is as follows:(1)Site selection: Construction Wisdom : the site selection concept varies from place to place and from time to time.(2)Material development and use: Construction wisdom;local materials-Application of raw soil,stone,wood and local materials.Construction Wisdom;update materials and use ecologically appropriate building materials.Construction wisdom;learn from the performance of traditional raw soil materials and develop bricks with better performance.Construction wisdom;unique material processing and production.(3)Indoor and outdoor space and decoration: Construction wisdom;indoor and outdoor decoration of regional color.Construction Wisdom;the courtyard space is hierarchical and orderly.Construction wisdom;cohesion,unity and elastic change of indoor space.(4)Inheritance of tools and craftsmen: build a craftsman inheritance mechanism of "apprenticeship" and "family inheritance".Build Wisdom;if a worker wants to do well,he must first sharpen his tools-skillfully use tools.(5)Facade modeling and decoration: Construction wisdom;low technical facade structure.Construction Wisdom;door and window technology with strong regional culture.(6)Climate and environmental adaptability: Construction wisdom;the structural system presents the characteristics of climate adaptability.Construction Wisdom;adopt "one" and "L" shape layout to improve the sunshine hours of the courtyard and enhance comfort.Construction wisdom;set up "full windows" to increase the daylighting coefficient,shorten the depth and improve the indoor illumination.Construction wisdom;avoid the influence of high-intensity solar thermal radiation,and adjust the building orientation according to the regional environment.Construction wisdom;make efficient use of solar radiation and adopt passive design.Construction wisdom;lengthen the eaves and concave the doors and windows to reduce the impact of indoor glare and improve the shading effect.Construction wisdom;arched window openings are set on the facade of folk houses to improve the scope of vision.Construction wisdom;window openings are set in the front and rear walls to enhance indoor air circulation.IX.construction of auxiliary space for planting fruit trees: reduce the impact of airflow in the camp.Through the research on the construction wisdom of traditional houses along the Yellow River Basin in Inner Mongolia,it is expected to find methods for the protection,inheritance and development of traditional houses,so as to arouse more scholars’ interest in the attention and research of traditional houses and contribute to the protection and development of traditional houses. |