| Under the background of building a modern socialist country and promoting rural revitalization in an all-round way during the 14 th Five-year Plan period,the protection and development of traditional villages have become more important.The construction of the new countryside must be in line with the construction of rural areas,rural areas should remain green mountains and clear waters,remember the nostalgia.However,facing the practice of comprehensive rural revitalization,the construction of rural pastoral areas in Inner Mongolia lacks scientific guidance.This thesis selects 146 traditional villages in Inner Mongolia as the research object,introduces landscape C-3P theory,human settlement environment theory and landscape culture theory,and analyzes the landscape characteristics of traditional villages in Inner Mongolia from macro to micro through literature analysis,field research and hierarchical analysis.The landscape types,characteristics and patterns of traditional villages in Inner Mongolia were analyzed from three dimensions: landscape spatial pattern,landscape spatial process and landscape spatial perception,and the research system of landscape characteristics of traditional villages in Inner Mongolia was constructed.The specific research conclusions are as follows:According to the traditional village landscape elements in Inner Mongolia,the traditional village landscape in Inner Mongolia can be divided into four types: natural ecological landscape,economic production landscape,material life landscape and cultural landscape.The four landscape types are not independent individuals,but closely related to each other.The natural ecological landscape of Inner Mongolia presented a horizontal difference distribution of "forest-steppe-desert steppe-desert",with significant seasonal changes and rich landscape elements,and the ecological sensitivity was mainly moderate.Economic production landscape rendering "south north pastoral farming,farming-pastoral" macro distribution of animal husbandry landscape rendering "with grass set" characteristics of agricultural landscape there are "green" water irrigation agriculture and "flower arranging distribution" two types of rainfed agriculture,agriculture and animal husbandry,animal husbandry,complementary,and summarize the spatial relations of production landscape and village.In terms of material life landscape,the spatial distribution of traditional villages in Inner Mongolia presents a distribution pattern of "large dispersion,small aggregation",and the distribution is not balanced.According to the location relationship with mountains and waters,the site selection can be divided into four landscape patterns: "grassland near water","mountains,rivers,forests and fields","plain dam by canal" and "desert oasis",with multiple forms,clear structures and diverse architectural types with "near regional" characteristics.Cultural landscape presents five grassland cultural areas,each of which has its own cultural characteristics.There is a coupling relationship between cultural landscape and village space,and cultural landscape elements are often distributed in the center or one side of the village.Natural ecological process is to lay the dominant process of traditional village landscape space base in Inner Mongolia,economic production process is pushing in Inner Mongolia rural landscape spatial pattern of development and evolution of the dominant process,continuous and rapid process of human culture is to make the landscape spatial pattern of the country towards people want and demand presents the local characteristics of the main driving force.The traditional village landscape of Inner Mongolia has the landscape image of grassland and shape,and the cultural perception of diversified integration.The landscape pattern of traditional villages in Inner Mongolia is inseparable from the coordination of the five elements of "heaven,earth,human beings,grass and livestock" on the landscape scale through the composition elements and functional attributes of the landscape.In settlement scale,Inner Mongolia traditional village landscape pattern is "ecology,production,living,culture" together form. |
