Landscape Design Analysis Of Abandoned Mine Based On Landscape Pattern

China is a big country of global coal resources,hundreds of millions of tons of coal is mined and excavated by people.After large-scale mining,the ecological environment of coal mining sites in China has been seriously damaged.Under the background of ecological restoration,the purpose of mine restoration is to restore the ecological environment of urban human settlements and realize the harmonious symbiosis between man and nature.Based on the theoretical achievements of landscape architecture,landscape ecology and literature review,field investigation,data analysis and research methods,as well as Fragstats4.2 landscape index calculation software,quantifies the landscape pattern by calculating the landscape index of patch area,diversity,heterogeneity and so on.Taking Zishan Scenic Area as a case study,empirical test and design application are carried out,and ecological restoration strategies are put forward for unreasonable spatial pattern problems.According to the characteristics of landscape type distribution,it is divided into three sub-regions: northern mountain landscape,central grassland landscape and southern plain landscape.Through the index calculation of the landscape pattern of Zishan scenic spot,it is concluded that the northern mountain landscape fragmentation is higher,the central grassland landscape fragmentation is lower,and the southern plain landscape fragmentation is moderate.After analysis,the optimal landscape pattern scheme is put forward: increasing the number of sparse forest patches in the northern mountain landscape and restoring damaged patches;naturalizing the regular grassland patch shapes in the central grassland landscape,connecting ecological corridors,making the species between patches more easily diffuse;increasing the landscape types in the southern plain scenic spots,improving the soil matrix and reducing the landscape dominance to increase the landscape heterogeneity.This paper attempts to use the evaluation method of landscape pattern to evaluate and analyze the fragmentation phenomenon of landscape remodeling in abandoned mine,to provide a new idea for checking whether the ecosystem inside the landscape pattern after landscape restoration is running in an orderly manner,and to provide a certain reference value for further optimizing the ecological pattern planning of scenic spots.