| Obtaining clean energy from the environment has become very urgent with the increasingly severe energy situation.The widely distributed wind energy and the vibration energy in the environment are inexhaustible clean energy,it may be one of the most effective measures to solve the energy supply problem of traffic safety facilities if they are collected and utilized.Triboelectric nanogenerators（TENGs）have attracted extensive attention due to their great potential for harvesting micromechanical energy in the environment.In this thesis,a multi-mode triboelectric nanogenerator was designed to collect wind energy and micromechanical vibration energy for the energy supply problem of traffic safety facilities,and realized the self-power supply of traffic safety warning equipment and monitoring sensors.The main research works are:（1）A roller-based TENG with high space utilization and low driving force was designed.Under different input rotational speeds,the roller-based TENG produced a high and stable electrical output,and also showed good capacitance charging capability,so they could be used as a stable power supply for warning devices.In addition,the electrical output changes of the roller-based TENG under different film structures were explored,and the TENG device was further optimized to achieve more efficient wind energy harvesting.（2）An elastic double-layer rotating disk TENG with high surface charge density was designed.At a low rotational speed of 80 r/min,the transferred charge amount of the elastic double-layer rotating disk TENG was 1.68μC,and the surface charge density was 66.26μC m-2.At an ultra-low speed of 10 r/min,the elastic double-layer rotating disk TENG could directly drive a commercial calculator to work through a rectifier,demonstrating its potential to provide a stable power supply.In addition,the electrical properties of the elastic double-layer rotating disk TENG were improved by exploring the effect of the pressure variation between the two layers on the electrical output of the device.（3）An elastic vertical separation TENG was designed.By adjusting the mass of the counterweight attached to the bottom electrode plate and the air gap between the top copper electrode and the bottom dielectric layer,the electrical output changes of the device with the change of the external amplitude and frequency were explored.It is proved by experiments that the elastic vertical separation TENG combination can greatly respond to the vibration motion of the bridge road environment（the overall vibration frequency of the bridge is in the range of 1–40 Hz）,and generate a certain electric energy output.（4）A multi-mode triboelectric nanogenerator（M-TENG）capable of harvesting wind and vibration energy was constructed by integrating a roller-based TENG,an elastic double-layer rotating disk TENG,and an elastic vertical separation TENG.Experiments had shown that M-TENG could directly drive commercial traffic safety warning lights and commercial LED light strips with a total power of 22 W in the night road environment,showing excellent warning effects.In addition,the M-TENG charged the circuit management unit for 5 minutes,which could store 0.34496 J of electrical energy and realized the successful signal transmission of the RF transmitter.The M-TENG equipped with a RF signal transmitter can be used for real-time monitoring of the road environment and calls for help in emergency situations.In this thesis,the feasibility of using M-TENG as a stable power supply to power traffic safety warning equipment and monitoring sensors had been experimentally demonstrated.The most important thing is to demonstrate the application potential of M-TENG in the field of intelligent traffic safety. |
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