| In recent years,smart devices,portable devices,and wearable devices are becoming more and more popular in our life,and also been the most important products in the new Internet of Things era.As one of the high-technology nowadays,semiconductor technology and micro/nano energy harvesting technology have made rapid progress in the past decade,which not only enhances the performance and integration of electronic devices,but also reduces their power consumption as the main way right now.However,even if the power consumption of a single device can be reduced to a super low level,huge number of users and devices must bring giant energy consumption.Up to now,the normal power supply of portable electronic devices is mainly relied on the battery,which has several problems such as poor navigation,short life,low safety and serious environment pollution,and cannot be effectively solved at present.And because of that,the unreliable power supply has become a bottleneck for energy development.Fortunately,the consumption of low-power devices has evolved to milliwatts or even microwatts recently,laying the foundation for wireless passive self-powered systems.In fact,the self-powered technologies have been widely developed in the past few years,but limited by the large size and high cost of traditional macro-generators,they cannot fit the needs of portable and wearable,and cannot be applied to our daily lives.Therefore,the novel technologies such as the collection,storage,and utilization of micro-energy have been proposed and developed rapidly in recent years.According to the principle of power generation,the energy conversion mode of micro-energy is mainly divided into three categories: electromagnetic effect,piezoelectric effect and triboelectric effect.Among them,the triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)based on the triboelectric effect is a new type of power generation technology,which was proposed in 2012 by Zhonglin Wang,an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.TENG has the characteristics of simple structure,small volume,large output voltage and wide response frequency.Besides,TENG has been verified as the one of the best ways of micro-energy harvesting,and has potential for the realization of wireless self-powered electronic systems.However,the high internal resistance and the insufficient output current are still the serious problems in the various types of TENG,and cause that the traditional TENG cannot high-efficiency output.This characteristic also is the main reasons why TENG has not been widely used right now.Therefore,this paper proposes the concept of " Triboelectric-Electromagnetic-Piezoelectric Hybrid Generator for High-efficient Vibration Energy Harvesting".Based on the principle of lightning rod,the "opposite needles structure" is designed and utilized to extract the electric energy from the traditional TENG,and further increased output performance.In order to verify the influence of the opposite needles structure in the generation process of TENG,several sets of control experiments are carried out in the subsequent research process,and the output characteristics such as open circuit voltage,short circuit current,frequency response and load power are also studied.The experimental results show that,benefit by the tip discharge effect,the opposite needles structure can be operated stably under the driving of the traditional TENG and exhibits an excellent improvement effect.After the opposite needles structure is installed,the open circuit voltage of the conventional TENG is raised from ~300 V to ~1300 V;the maximum continuous output power can be increased by 330.76%;the optimal matching impedance of the load circuit is reduced from 100 MΩ to 10 KΩ,making the traditional TENG could more widely used in normal circuit systems.This phenomenon will be the most important implications for implementing self-powered systems based on electrostatic discharge and triboelectric effects.In addition,the opposite needles structure has the advantages of simple principle,compact structure and convenient application.And its installation process would not affect the circuit structure of the original circuit system and the power generation unit of TENG,which has great potential in realizing the promotion and application of the traditional TENG.In order to better reflect the practical application effect of the opposite needles structure,a number of simulation experiments are carried out at the latter of the paper.These results also verify the continue driving ability of TENG to the common circuit system after using the opposite needles structure,which really is the fantastic improvement of the traditional TENG.The above experiments and results laid the solid foundation for the promotion and application of TENG. |
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