Research On Room Space Design Strategy Based On The Physiological And Psychological Characteristics Of Special Children

With the diversified development of modern society,designing products can bring convenience to more users,and the thought and design services of humane care have penetrated into the lives of vulnerable groups including the elderly,the weak and the disabled from all aspects.A subset of children are called special children and are considered "disabled" or "problem children".At present,the indoor space for special children mainly focuses on the design of public space,and there are only a handful of designs specially designed for these children in the living space.The promotion of domestic policies and the promotion of the International Classification of Functioning,Disability,and Health(ICF framework)abroad have suggested that family support for children with special needs in various aspects is more conducive to promoting children’s recovery.Every child as an independent individual has particularities,and the growth stage is different from the physical and mental development of ordinary children,and if the difference is large,it will be detrimental to recovery.Based on the humanized care and the extended development of the barrier-free concept,the room design for special children needs to be explored and studied urgently.The main purpose of the research is to combine the current situation of home life of special children,go deep into their growth space,pay attention to the space environment,and use relevant design concepts to build a family space that is more suitable for special children to live in,which is conducive to children’s recovery,and improve the quality of the living room space.The family has a very important position in everyone’s heart,and the living space also affects the quality of life in a certain sense.Each child as an independent individual has particularities,and the growth stage is different from the physical and mental development of ordinary children,and if the difference is large,it will be detrimental to recovery.Based on the humanized care and the extended development of the barrier-free concept,the room design for special children needs to be explored and studied urgently.The main purpose of the research is to combine the current situation of home life of special children,go deep into their growth space,pay attention to the space environment,and use relevant design concepts to build a family space that is more suitable for special children to live in and conducive to children’s recovery,and to improve the quality of the room space.First,through the reading and sorting of literature and analysis of domestic and foreign design research related to special children,to understand the current research direction and latest theories of special children.By comparing their physical and mental development law with that of ordinary children in many aspects,the relationship between perceived behavioral characteristics and disability characteristics in space needs is summarized.Second,through field research on the rehabilitation center for disabled children in Chengguan District of Lanzhou and the auxiliary learning school in Chengguan District,interviews were conducted with the sample parents,staff,and the sample children themselves.From the preliminary recovered effective samples,further investigation and analysis of 30 sample families and sample children,combined with interview and questionnaire data analysis,summarize the current living conditions,difficulties and space needs of children with special needs.Third,summarize the design strategies according to the needs,set four design goals,and emphasize how to improve the comfort and adaptability of children with special needs to the living space.Combined with the characteristics of family space and based on existing theories,the design concept of "Accommodate Adaptable and Intimate Home"(AAI)is proposed.Using six design principles,combined with the application of related Internet of Things technology of smart home system,the specific design methods of the layout,interface,lighting,furniture,color and material of the living room space are discussed respectively.The research is based on the physiological and psychological characteristics of special children.space design strategy.Finally,discuss with sample families,use the summarized design strategies to carry out some space design practices,develop corresponding space design ideas,solve the problems of children with special needs in the living room,and improve the living environment and the quality of family life.Based on the goal of humanized,emotional,auxiliary and sustainable design,this paper combines barrier-free design and universal design,extends the detailed design of safety and inclusiveness,and the design principles of childhood growth,and proposes AAI design concept.Combined with the application of the intelligent home system,the targeted design methods and strategies for each part of the special children’s room space oriented to the physiological and psychological characteristics are proposed to improve the quality of the special children’s room space and promote the rehabilitation of the special children,to provide theoretical reference and new ideas for room space design for special children.