Research On Bridge And Tunnel Engineering Risks And Construction Standards Considering Accident Level

The construction industry is considered to be one of the most dangerous industries due to its wide variety of accidents and high risks.Although people have been promoting construction safety through various means,the frequent occurrence of construction accidents still plagues the development of this industry.As an important pillar industry of the national economy,the transportation industry plays a vital role in the process of my country’s modernization development.To promote the development of the transportation industry in a more developed direction,it is indispensable to carry out bridge construction and tunnel construction.Due to the complexity of geological conditions in China,safety construction accidents are prone to occur during the construction of bridges and tunnels,causing a large number of casualties and economic and property losses.Standardization is a series of standards formulated by enterprises in order to obtain the best production and operation order and economic benefits.It has an important guiding and standardizing role for enterprises to carry out safe construction,and can effectively prevent construction accidents.In order to reduce the occurrence of bridge and tunnel construction accidents and analyze the role and impact of standardization on reducing bridge and tunnel construction accidents,this thesis divides bridge and tunnel construction accidents into four levels according to the degree of casualties and economic losses.According to the linear relationship between property losses at various levels,the quantification is used as a weight index for network research,and a bridge construction risk network and a tunnel construction risk network are established respectively to analyze the impact of accident levels on risk nodes in the network.At the same time,through the common risk nodes existing in the two risk networks,they are combined into a bridge and tunnel construction risk network.And then use the four overall indicators of network diameter,network density,average path length,and clustering coefficient to analyze the network characteristics,and conclude that the bridge and tunnel construction risk network has small-world and scale-free network characteristics.Using the two network analysis indicators of degree and betweenness to reveal the key risk nodes of the bridge and tunnel construction risk network,and compared with the bridge construction risk network and the tunnel construction risk network,it is concluded that compared with other types of risks,human factors not only induce construction accidents more frequently,but also cause a large number of casualties and property losses,which must be paid enough attention by managers.At the same time,compared with the unweighted risk network,the risk node in the bridge and tunnel construction risk network in this study can not only reflect the frequency of other risks induced by it,but also reflect the loss caused by the node.The larger the risk node is,the greater the property loss and casualty will be caused by the risk,and the managers should control and defend against these risks.On this basis,this thesis comprehensively understands and promotes the safety of bridge and tunnel construction by accurately grasping the similarities and differences between the causes of bridge and tunnel construction accidents and the complex relationship between analysis standards and bridge and tunnel construction risks.This thesis uses the citation relationship between bridge and tunnel standards collected to build a bridge and tunnel standard citation network to prepare for the later research on the relationship between standards and risks.On this basis,this thesis firstly searches the standard text of the construction risk of bridge and tunnel,and uses the reference relationship of the standard to the construction risk of bridge and tunnel,the bridge and tunnel construction risk network and the bridge and tunnel standard reference network are coupled into a standard-risk double-layer network,and the overall characteristic index and node characteristic index are selected to analyze it.Based on the original indicators,this thesis constructs four node indicators of coverage,attention,coverage,and attention,and the overall analysis indicator of risk coverage by standards to analyze the restrictive effect of research standards on risk,provide suggestions for the formulation and modification of standards for enterprises to achieve the goal of safe construction.Through analysis and research,the following problems are found in the existing standards: the standard does not cover enough risks and fails to mention common construction risks;the standard mentions less frequency and frequency of key construction risks,and cannot form a good guiding role;the standard covers insufficient types of risks,which is somewhat different from the actual situation.By revising and formulating the standards,preparing for the improvement of the standards from multiple levels is conducive to restraining the original risks and reducing the occurrence of accidents.And it is helpful to put forward targeted suggestions,reduce the number of high-frequency accident types in the bridge and tunnel industry,and better realize safety management.