Research And Application Of Intelligent Evacuation Guidance Method For Public Buildings

With the continuous improvement of China’s economic level and the continuous progress of urbanization,people’s daily life is not only satisfied with material needs,but also pays more attention to spiritual needs.More and more large shopping malls,movie theaters,playgrounds,etc.have emerged.The emergence of such large-scale public buildings has enriched the consumer life of the people and promoted the prosperity and development of our economy to a certain extent.At the same time,it should also be noted that in recent years,in the process of urbanization in China,a large number of people have entered cities to promote urban economic development,and the progress of various industries has also increased the safety risks of public buildings.Unexpected disasters such as fires,earthquakes,and terrorist attacks often cause huge personal and property losses in large public buildings.Due to many space design patterns and complex internal structures in general public buildings,it is difficult for internal personnel to find the correct escape route within a limited field of view during disasters,so emergency evacuation lighting instructions in public buildings become particularly Important,correct and efficient evacuation instructions can be automatically started when normal lighting is interrupted,and the best evacuation path can be used to guide personnel to quickly,efficiently and orderly move to a safe location.This article takes public buildings as the background.The main research contents include the following aspects: First,it conducts an in-depth study on the evacuation characteristics of public buildings,and analyzes the factors that affect the evacuation time from both subjective and objective factors.Second,according to the characteristics of real-time dynamic changes of fire,the traditional ant colony algorithm is improved,considering the impact of combustion products and crowd crowding degree on the evacuation process in the evacuation process,and establishing the evacuation simulation models in static and dynamic environments to guide pedestrians in Choose the optimal path during the evacuation process to avoid the possibility of people returning to the fire scene when escaping.The model is used for experimental simulations to confirm that it is suitable for emergency evacuation of public buildings.Third,the classic cellular automaton model was improved for the fire smoke scene,the crowd effect and the dynamic change of the smoke environment were introduced,and a simulation model of personnel evacuation in the smoke scene was established.Through this model simulation,the number of different exits and evacuation were analyzed.The influence of environment and width on the evacuation time,then the evacuation lighting indication system was introduced into the model,and the evacuation lighting system in public buildings was further analyzed and discussed in terms of the number and guidance of evacuation lighting indicators.Finally,through the hardware system design,the improved ant colony optimal path algorithm is applied to the intelligent evacuation guidance device to realize the dynamic evacuation guidance function.