| With the rapid development of my country’s transportation industry,the high-speed railway station is not only the node of passenger flow collection and distribution in the high-speed railway network,but under the guidance of the concept of "humanization" and "zero transfer",the high-speed railway station has become a "seamless connection" of various transportation modes comprehensive transportation hub.Due to the complex design and compact space layout of high-speed rail stations,it will be more difficult for passengers to evacuate safely in the event of unexpected accidents such as fires and explosions.Coupled with factors such as the design of the high-speed rail station itself and passengers’ unfamiliarity with the internal and external environment of the high-speed rail station,it often causes psychological panic among passengers,and panic factors often reduce the efficiency of passenger evacuation,resulting in serious consequences such as casualties.In order to explore the spread of panic psychology and its impact on passenger evacuation efficiency in case of emergency at a high-speed railway station,this paper takes a high-speed railway station as an actual case to simulate the emergency evacuation process of the personnel at the high-speed railway station.(1)Through literature research,the research status of the evacuation model and simulation software for evacuation is analyzed,the research trend and the characteristics of related simulation software are summarized,and finally the research method of this paper is determined,and the research ideas are determined.(2)Using the questionnaire survey method,the evacuation questionnaire and panic psychological scale of high-speed railway station personnel should be formulated,and the behavioral characteristics and other environmental factors that may affect the evacuation efficiency of passengers should be investigated.A significance analysis should be conducted on them,and it should be concluded that compared with the personnel themselves.The analysis results provide effective data for subsequent simulation.(3)The panic dynamics model should be optimized in combination with social forces,and the concepts of panic-infected,panic-susceptible,panic-carrier,and panic-immune in epidemiology should be drawn upon to subdivide the psychological state of personnel.Personnel psychological states should then be established.The dynamic link between factors influencing panic and state should be demonstrated.The simulation results of the optimized panic dynamics model show that as the evacuation proceeds,the number of calm people decreases rapidly,the number of people with different degrees of panic gradually increases,and finally the number of people in each state tends to be stable;and when an emergency occurs,the degree of panic is mainly affected by the impact of congestion,evacuation guidance,and positive news dissemination.(4)An emergency evacuation model of a high-speed railway station was established under an emergency using Anylogic software,and the simulation results of setting only two psychological states of calm and panic and setting six psychological states were compared.The results show that the effect of panic psychology will enhance the arch blocking effect of evacuation exits and reduce the evacuation efficiency;the evacuation time of subdivided people in the panic state is longer than that of only panic and calm state,and the exit utilization is unbalanced.After adding exits at reasonable locations and opening ticket gates as evacuation channels in a timely manner,panic psychology has been optimized and intervened,evacuation efficiency has been improved,and exit congestion and unbalanced utilization have also been weakened.The relevant theoretical and methodological basis is provided. |
