Research On Cross-regional Carbon Equity In The Construction Industry In The Context Of Urbanisation

In recent years,with the rapid development of the economy and urbanization,China’s carbon emissions have increased rapidly,and the total amount of carbon emissions has ranked first in the world.As a non-environmentally friendly industry,the construction industry also faces the difficult task of carbon emission reduction.Due to the uneven development of the construction industry in various regions,the carbon emission characteristics of the construction industry vary significantly among regions,therefore,in the context of urbanization,an in-depth analysis of the fairness of carbon emission in the construction industry is conducted to ensure the healthy and sustainable development of China’s construction industry.Firstly,the three concepts of urbanization,construction carbon emission and fairness of construction carbon emission are defined,the urbanization level evaluation index system and its evaluation methods are constructed,the main methods of measuring construction carbon emission are outlined and their advantages and disadvantages are compared,and the applicable methods of measuring fairness of construction carbon emission in different scenarios are discussed and determined;secondly,the principal component analysis and cluster analysis methods are used to evaluate the urbanization level of China’s urbanization level of 30 provinces and regions,and divided them into high urbanization level regions,medium urbanization level regions and low urbanization level regions;then,the carbon emissions from the construction industry in different urbanization regions in China from2010 to 2019 were accounted for by the whole life cycle calculation method,and their spatial and temporal evolution trends were analyzed;then,the Gini coefficient and Theil index were used to measure the overall differences and regional differences in the fairness of carbon emissions in China’s construction industry,respectively,and the economic efficiency coefficient and environmental carrying coefficient were introduced to analyze the inter-provincial differences in depth;finally,on the basis of the fairness measurement in the examination period,the fairness of the initial allocation of inter-provincial carbon emission allowances in the construction industry was carried out from three dimensions: hereditary system,egalitarianism and ability to pay The final scheme of carbon emission allowances for the construction industry under the fairness and efficiency trade-off is obtained by introducing a zero-sum benefit DEA model to iteratively optimize the initial allocation results.The findings of the study indicate that:(1)There are obvious differences in urbanization levels among provinces and regions,with higher urbanization levels in the eastern coastal regions of China and generally lower urbanization levels in the southwest,northwest and northeast regions,with an overall trend of decreasing from east to west in descending order.(2)In terms of per capita carbon emissions from the construction industry,Class I regions > national average ≥ Class II regions > Class III regions,with the three regions and the national average showing an "inverted U-shaped" trend;in terms of carbon emissions intensity from the construction industry,Class II regions > national average >Class III regions > Class I regions,with the three regions showing an "inverted U-shaped" trend.In terms of the carbon intensity of the construction industry,the three regions and the national average all showed a decreasing trend during the period under study.(3)From an overall perspective,the Gini coefficient values based on direct carbon emissions in China all exceeded the alert line during the examination period,and after taking into account the population and economic situation of the construction industry in different provinces and regions,the Gini coefficient values returned to within the alert line,and the degree of inequity decreased;from a regional perspective,the inequity in China’s construction carbon emissions during the examination period mainly originated from inter-regional differences,and the urbanization level in From an inter-provincial perspective,nine provinces and one city,including Tianjin,Hebei and Shanxi,are the "low-low" regions,which are the main drivers of inequity in carbon emissions in the construction industry.(4)The initial allocation results of carbon emission allowances for the construction industry in China’s 30 provinces and regions from 2020 to 2030 were obtained through the three equity dimensions,and then a zero-sum benefit DEA model was introduced to redistribute the initial allocation results,and the final allocation scheme obtained after iterative optimization allowed all provinces and regions to reach the optimal allocation efficiency while improving the fairness of the allocation.Targeted proposals for carbon emission reduction in the construction industry are put forward in six aspects: new urbanization,whole life cycle carbon emission reduction,construction energy use structure,construction development layout,carbon trading mechanism and carbon emission reduction reward and punishment mechanism.