Research On The Impact Of Environmental Regulation On Export Sophistication Of Chinese Pharmaceutical Products Export

Pharmaceutical industry is closely related to life and health of the industry,in the national economic development has always occupied an important position.The "14th Five-Year Plan" for the development of the pharmaceutical industry was released in early 2022,clearly stating that the pharmaceutical industry is a strategic pillar of national livelihood,economic development and national security,and an important cornerstone of the construction of "Healthy China".But at the same time,with the development of the pharmaceutical industry,its pollution of the environment is becoming more and more serious.Compared with the pollution of life and other industrial pollution,the pharmaceutical industry has more types of pollutants,more quantity,complex composition,new types of pollution is increasing,three waste pollution is also increasingly serious.Under the dual background of China’s green development strategy and supply-side structural reform of pharmaceutical industry,how to coordinate environmental protection and international competitiveness of the industry has become a major proposition for the high quality development of China’s pharmaceutical industry.Export technical complexity provides a dynamic indicator of product quality,reflecting a country’s international division of labor status,trade structure optimization and dynamic comparative advantage in the value chain,which can provide some reference value for scientific evaluation of pharmaceutical product export competitiveness.Based on reviewing a large amount of literature,this paper analyzes the current situation of environmental regulation and pharmaceutical industry development in China.Secondly,theoretically discusses the mechanism of environmental regulation on the technical complexity of exports,one is to inhibit the "crowding-out effect" of the technical complexity of pharmaceutical exports,and the other is to promote the "push-back effect" of the technical complexity of pharmaceutical exports.The two mechanisms of action are integrated,and there is a "U"-shaped relationship between environmental regulation and the technical complexity of pharmaceutical exports,i.e.,inhibition followed by promotion.In addition,mesomeric effect analysis and regional heterogeneity analysis were conducted.Based on this,a theoretical model is developed to study the production behavior of pharmaceutical companies under the two mechanisms of action,and the mediating variable R&D investment is introduced into the profit maximization model for derivation.Finally,based on the theoretical model,the quadratic term of environmental regulation is introduced into the econometric model,and the cross-provincial panel data of 27 Chinese provinces(excluding Tibet,Qinghai,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,Xinjiang,Hong Kong,Macau and Taiwan)from 2005 to 2019 are used to conduct an empirical study,and the mediating effect test and regional heterogeneity test are performed.The results show that under the combined effect of "pushback effect" and "crowding-out effect",the intensity of environmental control and the technological complexity of pharmaceutical exports in China show a "U" shape,i.e.,they are first inhibited and then promoted.From the perspective of regional heterogeneity,the regulatory effect of environmental regulation on the export technical complexity of pharmaceutical products shows different effects in different regions.Among them,the inhibitory effect of environmental regulation on the technical complexity of pharmaceutical product exports is most obvious in the western region at this stage,the inhibitory effect of environmental regulation is weaker in the eastern region compared with the national sample,and there is a linear negative correlation between environmental regulation and the technical complexity of pharmaceutical product exports in the central region.In the study of the inflection point,it is found that the intensity of environmental regulations in China is still not at the declining stage of the curve,so it is still necessary to steadily strengthen the intensity of environmental regulations.Finally,this paper puts forward relevant policy suggestions in terms of how to grasp the intensity of environmental regulations and promote technological innovation and green transformation and upgrading of pharmaceutical industry.