Low Carbon Supply Chain Pricing And Joint Emission Reduction Strategies Considering Blockchain And Government Subsidies

Supply chain emission reduction is an important way to achieve the national "double carbon" development strategy,more and more enterprises recognize the importance of reducing carbon emissions,and gradually start to adopt emission reduction technologies and improve production processes to produce low-carbon products,while enterprises also need to carry out low-carbon publicity,increase consumer awareness of low-carbon,to attract consumers and expand market demand In addition,government subsidies for lowcarbon emission reduction can be effective.In addition,government subsidies for lowcarbon emission reduction can effectively motivate enterprises to control carbon emissions;government subsidies for low-carbon publicity can motivate enterprises to popularize low-carbon knowledge among consumers and attract more consumers to join low-carbon actions and actively purchase low-carbon products.However,there are still problems of information asymmetry and high transaction costs among supply chain subjects in low-carbon supply chain,and blockchain technology can precisely solve this problem.The main research work of this thesis is as follows:In this thesis,in a secondary low-carbon supply chain with manufacturers as game leaders and retailers as followers,we explore the impact of blockchain technology and different government subsidies on the pricing of low-carbon supply chains by combining blockchain technology and government subsidies under a joint emission reduction model in which manufacturers perform low-carbon emission reduction and retailers perform low-carbon promotion to solve the problems related to low-carbon supply chains.Firstly,we consider the impact of two different subsidies,government low-carbon emission reduction subsidy and low-carbon promotion subsidy,on the pricing decision of lowcarbon supply chain,introduce relevant parameters,build two game models and solve for the optimal decision and profit,and explore how manufacturers and retailers make decisions and which government subsidy model is more beneficial to the development of low-carbon supply chain under the government low-carbon emission reduction subsidy and low-carbon promotion subsidy models.Secondly,when retailers adopt blockchain technology,three game models are introduced and solved to find out the optimal decision and profit,to investigate the impact of three types of subsidies on the pricing decision and profit of low-carbon supply chain: government low-carbon emission reduction subsidies,government low-carbon promotion subsidies and subsidies to government blockchain.Finally,a two-by-two comparison is conducted under the same government subsidy model to explore the impact of blockchain technology on the pricing decision and profit of the low-carbon supply chain.The main findings of this thesis are as follows:(1)Without blockchain,when the initial number of consumers is greater than a certain threshold,the profits of both manufacturers and retailers with government low-carbon emission reduction subsidies are greater than the case with government low-carbon promotional subsidies.(2)When blockchain is adopted,the profits of manufacturers with government low-carbon emission reduction subsidies and government low-carbon promotion subsidies will be larger than those with government blockchain subsidies;when the initial number of consumers is less than a certain threshold,the profits of retailers with government blockchain subsidies will be the largest;when the initial number of consumers is larger than a certain threshold,the profits of retailers with government low-carbon emission reduction subsidies will be the largest.(3)Regardless of which government subsidy is used,1)the wholesale price and level of emission reduction effort are greater without blockchain technology than with blockchain technology.2)the retail price is higher with blockchain technology when the level of blockchain use is less than a certain threshold.3)the level of low carbon promotion is higher with blockchain technology when the level of blockchain use is greater than a certain threshold.4)When the transaction cost generated by a single search for a partner exceeds a certain threshold,the manufacturer’s profit is higher when using blockchain technology.5)When the Fixed cost invested by retailers using blockchain technology is less than a certain threshold,the profits of retailers using blockchain technology are higher.