Super Stable Construction Mechanism And Functional Factor Delivery Of Dual System Pickering Lotion

Compared to conventional high internal phase Pickering emulsions(HIPPEs)and other types of emulsions,HIPPEs stabilized by protein-polyphenol-polysaccharide ternary aggregates have recently attracted much attention due to much better stability and protection for bioactive compounds.In the research,first,the important role of the self-assembly sequence of continuous phase components on the structure and stability of HIPPES was clarified and emphasized.Second,by simply mixing two negatively charged ternary aggregates-based HIPPEs,ultrastable mixedHIPPEs were achieved unexpectedly.Third,the ultrastable mixed-HIPPEs were used for the fortification of set-type yogurt.The main results are as follows:1.The effect of three self-assembly sequences on the structural properties and storage stability of HIPPEs stabilized by the ternary aggregates composed of lactoferrin,epigallocatechin-3-gallate(EGCG)and low methoxylated pectin(LMP)were evaluated.The results showed that the particle sizes of ternary aggregates were between 1.3 μ M to 2.9 μ M,showing different degrees of network structures and surface wettability.The HIPPE stabilized by LF-EGCG-LMP was solid-like and best suitable for 3D printing,and the HIPPE showed excellent freeze-thaw stability,which is of great significance for application in cold chain logistics.In conclusion,the self-assembly sequences directly affected the ability of ternary aggregates to stabilize HIPPEs,which can not be ignored.2.First,two HIPPEs with negative charges were prepared,one HIPPEs with peony seed oil as the oil phase stabilized by non-covalent ternary aggregates of LF,κ-carrageenan,EGCG,and another HIPPEs with β-carotene as the oil phase stabilized by non-covalent ternary aggregates of LF,LMP,curcumin.Then,nine mixed-HIPPEs were obtained by combining equal volumes of them.Surprisingly,all of mixed-HIPPEs were ultrastable.The two individual HIPPEs underwent liquid-to-gel transition when mixing,exhibiting strong structural synergism.The stabilization can be ascribed to the electrostatic repulsion and the formed interpenetrating networks hydrogels in continuous phases;their contribution can be varied via the self-assembly sequences of protein,polyphenol,and polysaccharide(for ternary aggregates)and the combination modes of individual HIPEs(for mixed-HIPPEs).The soft material properties of ternary aggregates can provide guarantee to avoid rupture of emulsion droplets caused by strong squeezing.We realize the codelivery of multiple types of bioactive compounds(i.e.,two polyphenols,two functional oils,and one protein),encapsulate them in different parts under the same system.3.The addition of ultrastable mixed-HIPPEs made the set-type yogurt more solid,and the fermentaion time were prolonged.At the same time,the texture characteristics,water holding capacity,and antioxidant capacity of fortified yogurt have significantly improved.