Risk Assessment And Route Optimization For Road Transportation Of Hazardous Chemicals Tankers

In recent years,with the rapid development of China’s chemical industry,the types and quantities of chemical products,especially hazardous chemicals,have increased dramatically.Most of the hazardous chemicals involve off-site transportation.Due to the perfect construction of China’s highway system,which is suitable for the transportation of various hazardous chemicals at different distances,road transportation has become the main transportation mode for hazardous chemicals.Road transportation of hazardous chemicals is a kind of special transportation with complicated safety technology and more uncertain factors,and the hazards and losses caused by transportation accidents once occur far exceed those caused by traditional cargo transportation accidents,and there are more accidents of road transportation of hazardous chemicals in China,which have caused a certain impact on the society.In order to ensure the safety of road transportation of hazardous chemicals,it is of great significance to select a reasonable road transportation route for hazardous chemical tankers and reduce the risk of road transportation.This paper takes road transportation of hazardous chemical tankers as the research object,combines the analysis of risk,cost,time and path of transportation process,takes various influences along the route into consideration,carries out risk analysis and path optimization,and takes liquid ammonia as an example for application research.This paper can provide guidance for personnel avoidance during emergency rescue and provide supplementary decision for risk assessment and route selection for road transportation of hazardous chemicals.(1)Using the trajectory cross-caused theory to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the causal factors of hazardous chemical road transportation accidents,the uncertain risk factors are summarized as: road factors,time factors,environmental factors,vehicle factors,personnel factors,safety management,characteristics of hazardous chemicals and emergency rescue,and on this basis,they are divided into 8 primary risk indicators and 24 secondary risk indicators,and the dimensionless method of indicators is proposed.In the risk index system,we introduced the "one vote veto system" to filter out 3 key indicators.(2)By improving the grading index,improving the path impact factor and safety compensation factor,making dimensionless corrections to the cost-type index for the path impact factor and dimensionless corrections to the benefit-type index for the safety compensation factor,combining the risk probability model and considering the risk compensation role of rescue team capability on the accident consequences,a comprehensive risk assessment model for the road transportation of hazardous chemicals was established.(3)The hazardous chemical road grid is processed,and a time-varying dual-objective path optimization model combining transportation cost and transportation risk is established based on the BPR function,and the multi-dimensional marker correction algorithm based on pruning strategy and fast non-dominated algorithm are pareto non-dominated solved by programming software,which provides a method for decision path optimization research through arithmetic case solving.(4)Through the example application,we calculate the transportation risk and transportation cost of each road section when transporting liquid ammonia,and use the dual-objective path optimization model for path routing,and finally numerical simulation of accident consequences by ALOHA and visualization with Arc GIS to develop a feasible plan for the emergency evacuation of people in the area affected by the leakage.In this paper,the study on risk assessment and route optimization of road transportation of hazardous chemicals provides guidance for regulatory departments and transportation enterprises to make route decisions.