| With the progress of globalization in economy and environment,international trade is becoming more and more active.Meanwhile,the contradiction between international trade and environment sustainability is becoming increasingly intense.Low-carbon economy transformation has become a major theme of economic development in developed countries.China is the largest developing country and the largest exporter in the world.Chinese economic growth largely depends on export trade.However,the expansion of export trade scale significantly increases carbon dioxide emissions.How to reduce carbon emissions embodied in export products,achieving coordinated development of trade exchanges and environmental protection,is an urgent issue that concerns Chinese government.This dissertation suggests that improving carbon emission efficiency is one key approach in reducing carbon dioxide emissions from the trade.The data of carbon emissions embodied in export products in 30 provinces from 2008 to 2019 is taken as the study objects.Firstly,the three-stage DEA model is used to evaluate the carbon emission efficiency level and provincial differences.The impact of external environmental factors on the efficiency value is analyzed.Secondly,the panel data regression analysis model based on the threshold effect is used to study the driving factors.The influence of these factors on carbon emission efficiency embodied from export products in each province is investigated.Also,the dynamic characteristics of the influence effect of threshold factors in different sample intervals are analyzed by using selected threshold variables.The results indicate that:(1)All provinces face up with problems,e.g.redundant input and low utilization rate of capital,energy and labor.Carbon emission efficiencies from export products have not reached the effective value of DEA,and there is a large space for improvement.In addition,the pure technical efficiencies of all provinces are at high levels.However,the comprehensive efficiencies and scale efficiencies of all provinces show obvious spatial differences and agglomerations.(2)Economic level,energy consumption structure,industrial structure,energy industry investment level and energy efficiency are strongly correlated with the export products carbon emission efficiency.Among them,the economic level and embodied carbon emission in export products show an obvious nonlinear correlation;The energy consumption structure and industrial structure show a reverse trend with the carbon emission efficiency embodied in export products;The level of investment in energy industry has a restraining effect on improving the carbon emission efficiency of exports.The promotion effect of energy efficiency is not prominent,which can be used as an important method to improve carbon emission efficiency in future.(3)The economic level is used as the threshold variable and has passed the double threshold effect test.The two threshold values divided the sample into three intervals.When the variable value is lower than the first threshold value,the economic level and the carbon emission efficiency of export products have an obvious positive promotion relationship;When between the first and the second threshold value,the economic level significantly inhibits the improvement of carbon emission efficiency;When it is higher than the second threshold value,the economic level is positively correlated with the carbon emission efficiency of export products,but the effect is not significant.Finally,based on these findings,policies and suggestions are proposed to improve the export-embodied carbon emissions,such as strengthening the effective allocation and rational use of energy,capital and labor,promoting coordinated regional development to narrow the gap of provincial carbon emission efficiency from export products,and optimizing the energy consumption structure,industrial structure and investment structure of the energy industry. |
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