| The Zhengzhou Metropolitan Area,as the core region and strategic fulcrum of central China,has undergone tremendous changes in land use with the deepening of urbanization,resulting in significant impacts on the supply and demand of ecosystem services.High-quality urban development patterns and ecosystem services are conducive to regional ecological security and ecological civilization construction.Therefore,exploring the spatiotemporal dynamics and driving forces of ecosystem service supplydemand in the Zhengzhou Metropolitan Area under the background of rapid urbanization is of great significance for the sustainable development of this region.Based on the natural basic data and socio-economic data of Zhengzhou Metropolitan Area in 2000,2010 and2020,this study analyzed the comprehensive urbanization level and ecosystem service supply-demand dynamics of Zhengzhou Metropolitan Area.A model of ecosystem service supply-demand ratio was constructed to explore the spatial and temporal dynamics of the supply-demand balance of ecosystem services;a bivariate spatial autocorrelation analysis was used to explore the spatial correlation between the supply and demand values of ecosystem services and the type of spatial aggregation;and the driving mechanism of the change in the supply-demand ratio of ecosystem services in Zhengzhou Metropolitan Area was investigated in depth by combining with the geographic probe model.Finally,according to the natural background conditions of each area,the zoning proposed the optimization strategies for the future urban development and ecological environment construction in Zhengzhou Metropolitan Area.The study shows that during 2000-2020,the Zhengzhou Metropolitan Area:(1)Spatial and temporal dynamics of land use and the integrated urbanization level.The land use type was dominated by arable land,accounting for more than 59.07% of the total area,followed by woodland and construction land.The transfer of arable land to construction land was the most obvious spatial dynamic,mainly occurring in the central region and expanding in all directions,in line with the direction of urbanization expansion.Arable land was the main source of area increase for other land use types,and its transfer to construction land was the largest.The comprehensive urbanization level continues to rise,with a high increase to 138.71%.The comprehensive urbanization level of Zhengzhou Metropolitan Area had obvious spatial heterogeneity,with the high-value areas expanding outward centering on the main urban areas of each city,while the northwestern and southwestern areas were the lagging urbanization development areas.(2)Spatial and temporal dynamics of supply and demand for ecosystem services.Both the total supply and demand values of ecosystem services continue to grow,with supply increasing by 10.976 billion yuan and demand increasing by 86.953 billion yuan.The high value supply and low value demand areas of ES were mostly located in forest grasslands and water areas with relatively stable ecosystems between mountain ranges,while the low value supply and high value demand areas were mostly located in built-up areas,and the direction of expansion of the low value supply and high value demand areas was consistent with the direction of urban expansion.(3)Spatial matching of ES supply and demand value.During the study period,the supply-demand ratio of integrated ES,carbon sequestration and oxygen release,and water conservation services were all in deficit;the supply-demand ratio of air purification,recreation and food production services were all in surplus.The spatial match between supply and demand of different ES varies from region to region,and contradictions in supply and demand of ES were likely to arise in areas with rapid urbanization.(4)Dynamic response of ESDR to comprehensive urbanization level.There was a significant spatial negative correlation between the comprehensive urbanization level and ESDR in Zhengzhou Metropolitan Area.The spatial negative correlation between the comprehensive urbanization level and CESDR,air purification,leisure and recreation services continued to increase.The negative correlation with the ratio of carbon sequestration and oxygen release,water conservation and supply and demand of food production services continued to weaken.Different regions and different ES have different responses to urbanization,and regions with lower ES balance are more susceptible to urbanization intrusion.(5)Analysis of the driving forces of the spatio-temporal change of ESDR and its optimization strategy.Urbanization factor was the dominant factor in the spatial differentiation of carbon sequestration and oxygen release,water conservation,recreation,food production service supply and demand ratio and integrated ESDR.Land use factor was the dominant factor in the spatial differentiation of air purification service supply and demand ratio.The influence of each driving factor on the ESDR is the result of multiple factors,and its influence is double factor enhancement or nonlinear enhancement.In addition,the future development of Zhengzhou Metropolitan Area should strengthen the protection of national key ecological functional areas in the north and southwest,and give full play to the advantages of ecological tourism resources in this area to meet the physical and mental needs of residents for natural landscape.In the eastern plain,which is the main grain-producing region,we will increase investment in research and development of improved varieties,develop modern agriculture,and maximize grain production on limited cultivated land.For urban areas,administrative boundary restrictions should be broken,ecological network connectivity should be improved,ecological restoration and green infrastructure construction should be strengthened.In addition,suburban construction should be accelerated to promote urban-rural integration and attract talent inflow. |
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