| National Wetland Park is the wetland park with the attribute of social public welfare undertakings,approved by the wetland authorities of China and built under the voluntary participation and cooperation of various parties.It is an important part of the natural protected area system and is of great significance to the protection and construction of ecological wetland.The evaluation of ecosystem service value of National Wetland Park in Shandong Province is conducive to clarify the ecosystem service function of National Wetland Park and improve the overall construction and management level of wetland park.This study researches on the national wetland park in Shandong province,using field investigation,management organization on-site investigation,data collection and data analysis.The annual ecosystem service value of the national wetland park in Shandong province were evaluated at different scales of "Shandong-4 regions-16 prefecture-level cities-66 individual park",using the calculation method combining ecosystem service value equivalent per the unit area and areas of different types of ecosystem.Results show that:(1)The ecosystem service value of the National Wetland Park in Shandong Province is significantly different in different ecosystem types and on the scale of “Shandong-4regions-16 prefecture-level cities-66 individual park”.The annual total ecosystem service value of National wetland park in Shandong province is 52.26 billion yuan,the ecosystem service values of five kinds of land use types follow the order: wetland ecosystem value(49.117 billion yuan)> forest ecosystem value(2.943 billion yuan)> other land ecosystem value(118 billion yuan)> farmland ecosystem value(48 million yuan)> grassland ecosystem value(34 million yuan),the proportions of the total ecosystem service value of national wetland park in Shandong province are 80%,10%,8%,1%,1%,respectively.The regional ecosystem services value ranged from 33.23 to 231.74 billion yuan,and the average value is13.065 billion yuan.The regional ecosystem services value is as follows: central parts of Shandong(23.174 billion yuan)> south part of Shandong(21.998 billion yuan)> northwest of Shandong(3.765 billion yuan)> Peninsula region(3.323 billion yuan),accounting for 44%,42%,7% and 7%,respectively.The average value of prefecture-level urban ecosystem services was 3.266 billion yuan,and the value of prefecture-level cities ranged from 4.72 billion yuan to 17.972 billion yuan.The average ecosystem service value of individual wetland parks is 792 million yuan,and the ecosystem services value of individual wetland park is from 34 billion yuan to 49.117 billion yuan.(2)The value of various evaluation indicators for ecosystem service in Shandong Province National Wetland Park varies significantly.According to the evaluation index,the value of ecosystem service follows the order: regulating service value(33.402 billion yuan)>supporting service value(10.687 billion yuan)> cultural service value(4.599 billion yuan)>supply service value(3.572 billion yuan),accounting for 64%,20%,9% and 7% of the total value of ecosystem services in Shandong National Wetland Park;Among them,the ecosystem service index of hydrological regulation has the highest value of 23.471 billion yuan,accounting for 45% of the total value of ecological services;The ecosystem services value of maintaining nutrient recycling with 196 million yuan is lowest,accounting for 0.38% of the total value of ecological services.From the perspective of regional scale,the ecosystem services value of hydrological regulation in southern Shandong is the highest(14.07 billion yuan / year),accounting for 27% of the total annual value of ecological services,while the ecosystem services value of maintenance nutrient recycling in the Peninsula region is the lowest(only 396,200 yuan / year),accounting for 0.0008% of the total annual value of ecological services.(3)According to Pearson correlation analysis by SPSS,improving the ecosystem service value of five land-use types,conducting protection and restoration projects,implementing rational utilization engineering,and increasing the investment to wetland park are all effective measures to improve the ecosystem service value of wetland park ecosystem.In addition to raising public awareness of wetland protection and maintaining wetland ecological environment,wetland park managers should consider wetland protection and restoration,efficient use of water resources,and self-management and maintenance of wetland parks to balance wetland ecological protection and high-quality development,and adopt efficient and reasonable development methods to improve the value of ecosystem services in Shandong National Wetland Park. |
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