| University laboratories are an important backup base for our country to cultivate talents and conduct scientific research,and are also frontier positions for teachers,students and researchers to explore unknown scientific fields.A large number of experimental instruments and equipment are stored and placed in the laboratory of colleges and universities,among which there are many precious precision instruments and large-scale testing machines.When the experimental operators use them,they face many safety problems.Unsafe behavior can easily lead to safety accidents.The safety status of experimental instruments in the laboratory not only affects the efficiency of the use of instruments and equipment,but also reduces the efficiency of scientific research experiments,but also directly affects the enthusiasm of scientific researchers for experiments,thereby hindering the smooth progress of scientific research.Based on the theory and analysis of human-machine safety,this paper designs and evaluates the human-machine safety of the deep multi-field coupling and disturbance true triaxial experimental machine.Evaluation and comprehensive evaluation methods are used to conduct sub-module safety analysis and safety design for the true three-axis testing machine.First of all,for the sub-systems of the true triaxial test machine,such as the true triaxial loading matrix platform,the disturbance integrated simulation system and the dynamic and static hydraulic seepage fracturing system driven by water potential energy,the dangerous and harmful factors existing in the system are found out through search and analysis.And carry out safety design for it,add reasonable safety control measures,and then use the risk analysis method and the improved risk assessment method to analyze the system hazards of the single-field,two-field and multi-field coupling tests before and after the human-machine safety design of the experimental robot.comparative evaluation and analysis.Secondly,the sub-system of geothermal simulation is carried out to carry out simulation experiments.Through COMSOL software simulation and RSD-TOPSIS method,the heating effect of the rock true triaxial testing machine in the deep stress-temperature coupling environment is explored.The optimal experimental scheme of this subsystem is obtained.Finally,considering the four factors of "human-machine-environment-management" and based on relevant theoretical knowledge,coordinate all aspects of human,machine,environment and safety management to create a harmonious and stable laboratory safety atmosphere,which will help improve and Improve the safe and stable operation of experimental equipment and ensure the experimental safety of experimental personnel.The main research contents and achievements of the paper are as follows:(1)From the concept of safety and accident to the common accident cause theory,explore the development process of safety ergonomics.Statistical analysis of the causes and types of safety accidents in university laboratories.According to the characteristics of the deep multi-field coupling and dynamic perturbation true triaxial test machine,the whole test machine is divided into modules by using the pre-hazard analysis method(PHA),the improved risk assessment method,the coefficient of variation method and the ideal solution method(TOPSIS).Safety analysis and safety design to achieve the rationality,efficiency and safety of the overall performance of the experimental machine.(2)The overall safety problems of the true triaxial stress loading base platform are searched and designed,which are divided into hardware safety control,controller safety control and electrical system safety control.The limit protection mechanism and the load and deformation control protection system can control the displacement and load of the system to prevent the displacement and force from increasing infinitely,damaging the machine or hurting the experimenter;the electrical system safety control also includes hydraulic station control and heating system protection.And light curtain safety control,etc.,while the instrument is partially automated,it can also ensure the safety of the experimenter as much as possible.The potential safety hazards of the system are obtained by the method of advance risk analysis,and corresponding improvement measures are made to the safety hazards of the subsystem.The improved risk evaluation method is used to quantify the hazards before and after the human-machine safety design of the subsystem Score evaluation,it can be seen that the risk level of the subsystem after adding the safety design is reduced,and the safety is significantly improved.(3)For the disturbance integration simulation of the instrument and the hydraulic seepage fracturing system,the sub-module safety problem search and human-machine safety design are carried out.The disturbance integrated simulation system mainly has high pressure caused by strong dynamic disturbance and high-speed gas.Through the automatic gas release system,the safe release of the relevant high pressure gas can be done,and the possible damage and safety hazards caused by the impact pressure can be reduced.The hydraulic seepage fracturing system needs to do a good job in the design of pipeline connectors and safety relief valves to ensure the normal flow driven by water potential energy and the safe pressure relief after water pressure overpressure,as well as the safety of the internal travel limit switch and electric shock protection of the system.control measures.Through the human-machine safety design,the comparative evaluation and analysis of the system risk of the experimental machine before and after the addition of the safety design is carried out.The results show that,whether it is a single field or a multi-field coupling,after the human-machine safety design of the experimental machine is carried out and the corresponding safety protection measures are taken,the overall risk level of the system is significantly reduced,and the safety of the experimental machine is significantly improved.(4)Optimize the ground temperature simulation system and select the heating scheme in order to achieve the overall safety,efficiency and stability of the experiment itself.According to the heating principle and technology,three kinds of rock heating methods are designed: six-sided heating rod heating based on solid medium heat transfer,annular heater heating based on solid medium heat transfer,and liquid heat transfer heating based on liquid medium heat transfer.temperature program,and scientifically select five evaluation indicators.Through COMSOL software simulation and RSD-TOPSIS method,the ring heater is selected as the optimal rock heating scheme.The determination of the optimal scheme is beneficial to the overall performance optimization of the experimental machine and promotes the stability and safety of the experimental machine system.(5)Based on the theoretical analysis and research of "humanmachine-environment-management",strengthen the emphasis on human characteristics,machine characteristics,environmental characteristics and human-machine safety management,and the overall safety of the system is related to human,machine,environment and management.These four factors are closely related.Improving and improving the closed-loop control of the four factors can effectively improve the security of the system to a certain extent.Therefore,doing a good job in the theoretical research of "human-machine-loop-pipe" is of great help to determine the safety management and control items of the experimental machine,and to give reasonable human-machine safety measures to improve the safety state of the experimental machine.The control and management of these four safety factors will help to do a good job in the human-machine safety design of the experimental machine system and improve the safety and stability of the system. |
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