Research On The Measurement Of Ecological Efficiency Of Grain Production And Its Influencing Factors Under The "Dual Carbon" Goal

As a big agricultural country,China has always placed the "three rural issues" in an important position,and with the support of national policies,China’s agricultural economic level has been continuously improved,and grain output has also been steadily increased.While food production is growing,increasing problems such as resource waste and ecological damage also limit the sustainability of food production.The proposal of the "dual carbon" goal provides endogenous impetus for the green,low-carbon and circular production of China’s food,and food,as the most important crop in China’s agricultural production,not only has carbon source attributes,but also has strong carbon sink attributes.Reducing carbon emissions and non-point source pollution in the food production process and improving the carbon sink capacity of the food production system are not only the implementation and practice of the concept of "green water and green mountains are gold and silver mountains",but also the path choice and action to achieve the "dual carbon" goal in the field of food production in China.In this context,this paper first sorts out the relevant literature on food production efficiency and grain production ecological efficiency,and further enriches and improves the evaluation index system of food production ecological efficiency on the basis of considering the "dual carbon" goal.Secondly,the global super-efficiency EBM model was used to measure the ecological efficiency of grain production in 31 provinces and cities in China from 2006 to 2020,and the overall trend and regional differences of the ecological efficiency of grain production in China were explored.Thirdly,the reasons for the efficiency loss of grain production eco-efficiency not reaching the effective provinces and cities are analyzed,and at the same time,the Markov chain analysis method is used to measure the probability transfer matrix of China’s grain production eco-efficiency under different time spans,and explore the law of eco-efficiency transfer of grain production in China.Finally,the panel Tobit model is used to analyze the influencing factors of eco-efficiency of food production.Through the study,the following conclusions are obtained:(1)From the national level,there is still room for improvement in the overall ecological efficiency of China’s food production.(2)From the perspective of the three major grain functional areas,the input allocation of production factors in the main grain-producing areas is more reasonable than that in other functional areas,and the green development of China’s agriculture has achieved phased results during the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period.(3)From the perspective of inter-provincial level,the ecological efficiency of grain production in 31 provinces and cities in China shows different degrees of change,and the areas at the forefront of efficiency are mostly concentrated in major grain-producing areas,economically developed areas and areas with better environmental protection,and provinces and cities with low ecological efficiency of food production are mainly concentrated in economically backward areas.(4)From the perspective of the reasons for efficiency loss,there are different degrees of redundancy and deficiencies in various provinces where the efficiency has not reached the effective level.From the perspective of evolutionary trends,the ecological efficiency of grain production in provinces located in the two states of medium and low level and medium and high level is not stable,the probability of maintaining the initial state is small,and the internal mobility is strong.(5)From the perspective of influencing factors,the direction and degree of influence of different influencing factors on the ecological efficiency level of food production in the three functional areas have obvious different characteristics,so to improve the ecological efficiency of food production in the three functional areas,it is necessary to adapt measures to local conditions and prescribe the right medicine.Based on the above conclusions,this paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions from four aspects: strengthening the efficient allocation of food production factors,improving the design of pollution monitoring system and related policy tools,strengthening agricultural science and technology innovation and promotion,and jointly improving the ecological efficiency of food production according to local conditions.