The Participation Of China’s Private Rescue Organizations In Natural Disaster Governance Dilemma And Countermeasures Research

From ancient times to the present,natural disasters have occurred in China from time to time,and how to deal with the threats and challenges of natural disasters is a challenge we have always had to solve.Although China has constructed a government-led,"one case,three systems" as the core of a comprehensive emergency management system,but the government is gradually facing more and more complex and severe natural disasters appear to be weak,the traditional government single governance model has been unable to fully cope.In recent years,China’s private rescue organizations have been growing,and their number and scale are rapidly increasing.In past natural disaster governance,private rescue organizations have played a public interest,flexibility,professionalism and other characteristics,can actively and effectively act as a supporting force for the government,greatly improving the effectiveness of natural disaster governance.Today,with the need for social power and the advocacy of pluralistic governance,it has become an important research direction to regulate the actions of civil rescue organizations and to explore their own advantages for more efficient participation in natural disaster governance.Based on governance theory and emergency management theory,this paper defines the core concepts of non-governmental relief organizations,natural disasters and natural disaster management,and summarizes the key elements of non-governmental relief organizations’ participation in natural disaster management,including participation cycle,participation resources,participation order and participation ability.From the perspective of deepening the reform of government emergency management mode and replenishing government rescue force,the necessity of non-governmental relief organizations participating in natural disaster management is expounded.The feasibility of non-governmental relief organizations participating in natural disaster management at various stages is analyzed based on the emergency management cycle.Through field interviews with representative non-governmental relief organizations,it is found that the current difficulties of non-governmental relief organizations’ participation in natural disaster management are not complete,lack of resources,chaotic order and limited capacity.From the aspects of management system,safeguard measures,cooperation mechanism and skill training,the main reasons for the above problems are analyzed,including the restriction of management system,insufficient guarantee,unsound cooperation mechanism and lack of training for non-governmental relief organizations to participate in natural disaster management.Based on the analysis of the above difficulties and reasons,the following four countermeasures are proposed for the participation of non-governmental relief organizations in natural disaster management: first,optimize the management system of non-governmental relief organizations in natural disaster management;Second,to increase non-governmental relief organizations to participate in natural disaster management measures;Third,improve the cooperation mechanism for non-governmental relief organizations to participate in natural disaster management;Fourthly,strengthening the professional training of civil relief organizations participating in natural disaster management,so as to constantly improve the mode of civil relief organizations participating in natural disaster management,and promote the modernization development of our country’s emergency management system and emergency management ability.