| At the 75 th session of the United Nations General Assembly,Xi solemnly announced the goal of "double carbon",elaborated the necessity of achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality and the determination to protect the world environment.To control or reduce carbon dioxide emissions,it is necessary to control them at the source,such as reducing the use of fossil fuels,making more use of clean and renewable energy such as solar and wind energy,and effectively reducing carbon dioxide production;Secondly,it is necessary to improve the efficiency of energy utilization.While saving energy and reducing emissions,it can also reduce the costs of enterprises to a certain extent,which is conducive to their sustainable development.Relatively speaking,due to China’s unique resource endowment,the future energy structure will still be dominated by non renewable resources such as fossil fuels,especially coal.Therefore,effectively improving energy utilization efficiency is more in line with China’s energy situation."Rich in coal,poor in oil and less in gas",China is facing a severe energy situation,and the goal of carbon neutrality is arduous,difficult and long.In the face of such a severe situation,China actively explores the development path of green finance and carbon finance.With the continuous development of environmental regulation tools and the continuous improvement of relevant policies and systems,the carbon emission trading system adapted to the concept of social development came into being.Obtaining carbon emissions beyond the standard through trading virtually increases the cost of enterprises,prompting them to reduce the use of fossil energy.At the same time,It also forces them to introduce the latest low-carbon technologies,thereby improving the energy efficiency of enterprises and reducing the cost of carbon emissions.The implementation of the carbon emission trading system has promoted the realization of the "dual carbon" goal,and is an important green finance and carbon financial tool for the government to promote low-carbon transformation and reduce carbon emissions.The National Development and Reform Commission issued a notice in 2010 on conducting pilot projects for low-carbon provinces,regions,and cities.In 2013,two provinces and five cities,including Beijing and Shanghai,were selected as the first batch of pilot areas for carbon emission trading systems,taking the lead in conducting carbon emission trading pilot projects.At the meeting of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of China held on December 25,2020,the "Measures for the Management of Carbon Emission Trading(Trial)" system was adopted.The country has focused its development on ecological construction,achieved the goal of ensuring quality and quantity,strictly fulfilled the Paris Agreement,and gradually achieved the construction of a national carbon market.With the implementation of the system,more and more people are paying attention to the actual effectiveness of policy implementation.Are there enough participants in the carbon market? Has the energy consumption structure been improved? Is there a significant reduction in carbon emissions? Has the enterprise improved the efficiency of energy utilization as a result? These issues have attracted people’s attention.In the context of achieving the "dual carbon" goal,this article is based on the carbon emission trading system and deeply explores the path mechanism of the impact of carbon emission trading system on energy utilization efficiency from the perspectives of marketization and green low-carbon technology innovation reform;Based on the data of 30 provinces in China from 2008 to 2018,the impact of the implementation of policies on energy efficiency is studied by using the double difference method(DID),and on this basis,the spatial Durbin model is used to study whether there is a spatial Spillover effect of the impact of policies.Finally,parallel trend test,placebo test,elimination of interference from other energy policies,PSM-DID A series of tests such as instrumental variable method were conducted to verify the robustness of the results.The empirical results show that the carbon emission trading system can significantly improve energy efficiency,and the results have a certain robustness.Mechanism research has found that green innovation capability is a channel for policy implementation to improve energy utilization efficiency.In terms of heterogeneity,the implementation of carbon trading policies has significantly improved the energy utilization efficiency of the eastern,central,and western regions of China to varying degrees.In terms of single factor energy efficiency,the implementation of carbon trading policies has the greatest impact on the western region,followed by the eastern region,and has no significant impact on the central region.In terms of green all factor energy efficiency,policy implementation has the greatest improvement effect on the eastern region,followed by the western region,and not significant in the central region;Secondly,different levels of marketization can also affect the effectiveness of policies.In terms of space,the implementation of carbon emission trading policies has a significant improvement effect on the energy efficiency of surrounding provinces and cities.Based on the above conclusions,the article proposes that while consolidating policies related to the carbon emissions trading system,the government needs to adjust measures to local conditions and intervene moderately,and the industry needs to strengthen low-carbon technology innovation. |
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