The Impact Of The Level Of Public Transport Development On Carbon Emissions

The field of transportation has become the second largest field of carbon emissions in the world.The mechanism and path analysis of green travel mode of public transportation to promote low-carbon development and focus on the carbon emission reduction effect of public transportation has become a key issue to reduce carbon emissions in the field of transportation and achieve“carbon peak and carbon neutrality”.Based on China Carbon Accounting Database（CEADs）,China Statistical Yearbook,China Automobile Statistical Yearbook and China Energy Statistical Yearbook,this paper selects the panel data of 30provinces in China from 2010 to 2019,and uses the Kernel density estimation method to analyze the distribution evolution process of public transport development level and carbon emissions.The two-way fixed effect model is used to explore the impact of public transport development level on carbon emissions,and the mediating effect model is used to further confirm the transmission role of energy consumption in the carbon emission reduction effect of public transport development level.The study found that:（1）The level of public transport development and CO₂ emissions at the provincial level in China have been on an upward trend from 2010 to 2019.The average value of public transport development level and carbon emissions in the eastern region has been at the highest level,while the western region has seen the largest increase in public transport development level and CO₂ emissions.In terms of spatial and temporal differences,the level of public transportation development and total carbon dioxide emissions are gradually increasing,and there is a gradient effect and the phenomenon of“the better is better”between the level of public transportation development and carbon emissions in each provincial administrative region.（2）In terms of the benchmark regression results,there is a negative relationship between the level of public transport development and CO₂ emissions.The classification regression results show that the development level of bus（electric）vehicle has the effect of reducing carbon emissions,while the development level of rail transit has the effect of promoting carbon emissions.（3）Energy consumption is the transmission path of carbon emission reduction effect of public transport development level,and the development level of public transport acts on carbon dioxide by adjusting energy consumption structure,thus reducing carbon emissions.（4）There is regional heterogeneity in the carbon emission reduction effect of public transport development level based on energy consumption.The carbon emission reduction effect of urban public transport development level in central and western regions is more significant,but not in eastern and northeastern regions.The transmission mechanism of energy consumption in the carbon emission reduction effect of public transport deserves attention.To promote the low-carbon and circular development of transport and build a green public transport system,it is necessary to promote the low-carbon upgrading and transformation of public transport facilities,promote the green and sustainable transformation of energy production and consumption,and promote the carbon emission reduction of public transport according to local conditions.