Research On The Alternative Scheme System Of Environmental Impact Assessment For Construction Projects In My Countr

In 1979,China incorporated the environmental impact assessment system into our country’s law,which symbolized the legalization of the environmental impact assessment in China.Based on the effective methods of environmental impact assessment in foreign countries and the national conditions of our country,the Environmental impact Assessment Law was published in 2003.The formal establishment of EIA system plays a positive role in preventing environmental risks and realizing scientific decision-making.However,with the application of environmental impact assessment in China,some defects and shortcomings in practice were exposed.For instance,there have been many environmental impact assessment violations and the important reason for this phenomenon is the lack of alternatives.China had also written the alternatives system into the draft legislation of the EIA Law,but there is a view that the alternatives system is "difficult to implement and unnecessary ",thus the alternatives system was discarded after weighing up the pros and cons at the last.This paper mainly carries out the research from four parts.The first part is focused on the problems caused by the lack of alternatives system for environmental impact assessment of construction projects in China.This section analyzes the situation of the lacking of alternatives in the legislation currently in our country and the differences between the scheme selection and the alternatives system in China,and summarizes that the lack of alternatives makes the construction project environmental impact assessment superficial,less Scientific decision of the construction project and the problem of the deficient public engagement.The second part talks about the necessity and feasibility of the alternatives system for environmental impact assessment of construction projects in China.This section analyzes the importance of alternatives in the environmental impact assessment of construction projects,revealing that alternatives can strengthen the principle of risk prevention,reducing the degree and scope of adverse effects of construction projects on the environment,advancing to realize the implementation of environmental justice theory in the environmental impact assessment system,so as to promote the in-depth practice of the sustainable development.Then,it discusses how practical of the alternatives system of environmental impact assessment of construction projects: the improvement of economic strength of our country,the strengthening of environmental protection investment and the improvement of environmental science and technology level provide the basis for the implementation of the alternatives;Cost-benefit analysis methods provides operability for the implementation of alternatives;Limiting the target of the alternatives can reduce unnecessary waste of the cost and make the alternatives more practical;Trials in different regions and fields accumulates the experience and provide a path for the gradual implementation of alternatives throughout the country.The third part focuses on the experience about the system of environmental impact assessment alternatives in the foreign countries.This section analyzes the alternatives system of the United States,Canada,Japan and Denmark and provides a constructive references for the construction of the environmental impact assessment alternatives system of construction projects in China.On the one hand,the crucial concept of alternatives system in the foreign countries is going to learned and drew on: establishing the alternatives system through the law,clarifying the basic procedure of the alternatives and ensuring the legal effect and the force of the execution of the alternatives system;On the other hand,the defects of the alternatives system in foreign countries are summarized: the evaluation of alternatives is not that rigorous and the late participation of the public in the EIA process.The fourth part concentrates on the construction of the alternatives to make the environmental impact assessment system of the construction project perfect.The construction of alternatives system should concern the current situation of environmental assessment in China.Firstly,we should pay attention to the establishing thought of an alternatives system,including the establishment of an alternatives system,the formulation of basic guidelines for the of alternatives,the explicit key factors of the consideration of the alternatives and the progressive introduction of alternatives throughout the country in the EIA Act;Secondly,the author conceive the specific concept of the alternatives system,including the limitation of the object of application of the alternatives,the specific classification of the alternatives and the process of defining the alternatives.