Research On The Allocation Of Management Authority Of National Park

Combing the progress of pilot national parks in China,it is found that the national park management agencies present the phenomenons of diversified institutional types and unable management.Analyzing the reasons for the problems,the table level is directly caused by the still blank nature of the central legislation,the irrational management organization and the unclear allocation of functions and powers of management institutions.Fundamentally,the central and local relationship,as the foundation for the establishment and operation of the system,has had a direct impact on the formation or selection of different management system types.The allocation of government powers under the central-to-local relations is its remarkable mark,and the above problems can be deeply attributed to the allocation of government powers between the central government and local governments.Therefore,in order to set up a administrative system of unitary authority and hierarchical management,it is very necessary to specifically explore the allocation of national park management authority in the central and local governments.From the central macro policy to the pilot specialized legislation,they have all provided a definite basis for the allocation of national park management authority,however,in the specific practice of the pilot national parks,there are still practical difficulties in the allocation of the national park management authority.Specifically,the vague allocation of management powers of the central and local governments,the unclear orientation of the central and local governments,and the disorderly allocation of management powers of management organs.By learning and comparing the management authority allocation of typical countries outside the domain,there are many effective experiences for reference in China.For example,establish the scope of national park management through national level legislation,standardize the specific systems such as the control system in which people participate in and the reasonable and efficient fund guarantee system;Take the economic attributes of the management affairs of national parks as the main basis,and supplemented by the legal standards of administrative authority division,to determine the vertical allocation of management power among governments,so as to choose the type of national park management system;Give the national park management agencies a clear management authority whether in the vertical or horizontal relationship.Based on China’s national conditions and the pilot practice of national parks,drawing on the effective experience outside the domain,the practical dilemma above can be removed through the system design of the National Park Law which is being initiated in China.The specific institutional paths include: Clarify the partition of administrative authority between the central government and the local governments,implement the vertical management system of the central government,construct a collaborative management mechanism between the central government and the local governments and a fund guarantee mechanism matching administrative authority and expenditure responsibility simultaneously;Improve the management system of national parks at the national level,list the administrative powers of national parks as central authority,establish a list system of listing central powers and a supervision system of government powers;Take the management agency as the dispatched agency of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration,exercise its administrative functions.Exploring the allocation of national park management authority in China and putting forward scientific improvement paths can provide theoretical reference for the in-depth future research of national park management authority and management construction.