Research On Legal Issues Of National Park Zoning Management

National Park is the main body of China’s natural protection system.It is the internal requirement of China’s national park construction to reasonably divide national parks and adopt differentiated management means and supporting measures for different functional areas,thus forming a complete set of National Park zoning management system.The construction and management of national parks in foreign countries or regions has experienced a long period of development.By combing and analyzing the national park management system,it is not difficult to see that the zoning management system has been relatively perfect.It mainly includes: defining the basic zoning,strengthening the management of protected areas,fully realizing the functions of science,education and recreation of national parks,and ensuring the sustainable development of communities and indigenous residents.Comparatively speaking,in the pilot process of national parks in China,although the zoning management system has been established,there are still some problems,such as the legal basis of functional zoning is not unified,and the control system of each functional zoning needs to be improved.Specifically,it does not involve the division of secondary zoning and the provisions of peripheral areas,the restriction degree of prohibition in the core reserve is not perfect,the law enforcement mechanism is not perfect,the management of science and education and recreation areas still needs to be refined,and the community residents in the production and living areas of indigenous residents are difficult to effectively participate in the construction and management of national parks.In view of the above problems existing in the zoning management system of China’s national parks in the pilot process,this paper puts forward the following improvement paths: first,it is necessary to establish a systematic functional zone division system.At the same time,each national park is allowed to divide into two zones according to its own situation.And set a certain range of peripheral management and protection area around the National Park to ensure the integrity of the ecosystem.Moreover,we should fully consider the long-term development of national parks,ensure the scientificity and rationality of the zoning management system,and establish and improve the dynamic adjustment mechanism of functional areas.Secondly,we should strictly manage the core protected areas.It is necessary to establish general management requirements,clarify the scope of main protected objects and the "positive list" system approved and approved by the national park management agencies,and improve the law enforcement mechanism to give full play to the law enforcement effect of the law enforcement team.Thirdly,standardize the management of recreation and education areas.First of all,it is necessary to clarify the ownership and benefit distribution mechanism of recreation and education resources in the ownership of property rights,and improve the service system of science and education and recreation,such as the volunteer service system and recreation pedigree system.Through the visitor appointment mechanism,quota management mechanism and visitor "blacklist" system,the scientific and educational recreation behavior of tourists can be further standardized.And perfect the franchise system,set up access and exit mechanism,franchise contract environmental responsibility mechanism and regular review system to standardize.Finally,we should strengthen the management of the production and living areas of indigenous residents.It is necessary to make clear the production and life boundary of the indigenous residents,improve the mechanism of community residents’ participation in the management,and let the community indigenous residents really participate in the construction and management of the National Park.