Research On Emergency Evacuation Of Rail Transit Considering Panic Spreading

Due to the unique laying method,when an emergency occurs in the subway station,if it is not evacuated in time,it will cause serious harm to people ’s lives and property.In recent years,accidents have occurred frequently in China ’s subway stations,but the losses and casualties are not all caused by the accident itself.The panic generated by evacuees sometimes brings greater danger than the accident.Emotions are easy to spread among the crowd,causing collective panic in the subway station.The existence of panic will not only increase the difficulty of evacuation after the accident,but also accelerate the formation of congestion points,prolong the evacuation time,and even cause secondary accidents in severe cases.Therefore,from the perspective of panic,this paper studies the impact of panic spread on evacuation in subway station emergencies.The research contents of this paper are as follows :(1)According to the SOR theory(’ stimulus-organism-response ’ theory),the hypothesis between external stimuli,panic and individual evacuation behavior is proposed.By establishing a structural equation model,the proposed hypothesis is verified.It is concluded that emergency stimulation will cause panic among passengers in subway stations,which will lead to risky evacuation behavior and prolong evacuation time.It provides theoretical support for this paper to study the influence of emotion in evacuation based on panic emotion.A questionnaire survey was conducted among passengers in different subway stations in different regions,and effective questionnaires were screened to test the reliability and validity.The emergency stimulus index,panic emotion index and risk evacuation behavior were selected.The relationship between variables and indicators and the relationship between variables and variables were assumed.Finally,the structural equation model was used to verify.(2)Based on the study of the conceptual model of evacuation behavior based on panic emotion,this paper analyzes the generation of panic emotion stimulated by emergencies and the propagation rules of panic emotion in the crowd,establishes a panic emotion propagation model,and combines it with the crowd evacuation model.Finally,a crowd evacuation model considering panic emotion is established.The evacuation phenomenon and panic emotion propagation process in reality are reproduced by simulation,and the validity of the model is verified.(3)The evacuation model considering panic emotion is analyzed.Anylogic simulation software is selected to investigate the layout of subway station buildings.The physical environment of subway station is established,and the simulation evacuation conditions are set up.The process of passengers entering and leaving the station is analyzed.The crowd evacuation logic diagram under passenger emergencies is constructed.Considering the two scenarios with or without panic emotion,the evacuation of subway station platform under emergencies is simulated.The overall evacuation time is compared and analyzed.It is concluded that panic emotion can prolong the evacuation time and reduce the evacuation efficiency,which proves the harm of panic emotion to evacuation.In view of this conclusion,two ways of human intervention and equipment intervention to intervene in the spread of panic are proposed.The intervention effects of these two interventions are analyzed by simulation.Finally,according to the conclusion of this paper,the emergency evacuation enlightenment is proposed for subway staff.