Kiwifruit Powder Formulation And Hypolipidemic Activity Study

Kiwi fruit is rich in nutrients and functional components such as vitamin C,sugars and phenols,and has high nutritional value.Kiwifruit fruit powder can meet the personalized needs of consumers because it is easy to store and transport,and it undertakes a variety of active ingredients of kiwifruit.In this study,the most suitable drying method for factory processing and production was selected by different drying processing methods,and on this basis,the nutrient composition and lipid-lowering function of kiwifruit fruit powder were studied from two perspectives:in vivo and in vivo,and the effects of kiwifruit fruit powder on lipid-lowering activity and intestinal flora of mice were preliminarily explored.The main findings are as follows:(1)Kiwi fruit powder is screened by drying method.By measuring the color,physical properties,nutrient retention,moisture content,microstructure state and oxidation resistance of kiwifruit powder produced by hot air drying,freeze drying,vacuum drying,hot air-vacuum drying and airflow puffing drying,the optimal drying method is:airflow puffing drying technology.Under this drying method,the resting angle of kiwi fruit powder is about 31.37°,its friction is the smallest,the fluidity is the best,the color and nutrient content of the fruit powder are high,the DPPH radical scavenging rate is 88.39±1.23%,the particle surface is smooth,the size is uniform,the wrinkles are small,the voids are small,the tissue stacking is loose,the binding water content is higher than other drying,and the moisture content is lower.(2)The lipid-lowering mechanism of kiwifruit fruit powder was studied by in vitro gastric digestion,in vitro intestinal digestion and in vitro fermentation.After in vitro digestion and fermentation of kiwifruit fruit powder,it was found that the total sugar and reducing sugar of kiwifruit fruit powder hardly changed in the in vitro gastrointestinal digestion stage,and the intestinal flora digested and absorbed the total sugar and reducing sugar of kiwifruit fruit powder in the in vitro fermentation stage.However,phenolic substances did not change significantly in the in vitro fermentation stage,and there was an increasing trend in in vitro gastrointestinal digestion.The results of the determination of the binding rate of kiwi fruit powder to bile acid and cholesterol in vitro showed that kiwifruit fruit powder had good binding ability to cholate and cholesterol,which preliminarily proved that kiwifruit fruit powder had certain lipid-lowering potential.The content of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)in the bacterial liquid after 48 hours of in vitro fermentation of kiwifruit fruit powder was detected,and it was found that the content of acetic acid and propionic acid in the bacterial solution of kiwifruit fruit powder was significantly higher than that of other groups,and SCFAs could promote health and enhance immunity,indicating that kiwifruit fruit powder is a prebiotic that can potentially improve human health.The 16SrRNA detection of the flora of kiwifruit fruit powder after fermentation for 48 hours showed that the species abundance,species composition heat map,PCA analysis and OTU clustering of the flora were analyzed at the phylum and genus levels,indicating that kiwifruit fruit powder had a certain stability on the intestinal flora,and contributed to the homeostasis of the intestinal flora,which was beneficial to human health.(3)The lipid-lowering mechanism of kiwifruit fruit powder was studied by in vivo mouse model.C57 mice were fed high-fat feed for 13 weeks to construct a hyperlipidemia model.After different doses of kiwifruit powder were used to intervene in mice,the contents of TG,TC and LDL-C in the model group increased significantly compared with the normal group(p<0.05),and HDL-C decreased significantly(p<0.05).The results of liver antioxidant enzymes showed that kiwifruit fruit powder had antioxidant effects in the body.The activities of SOD,CAT and gsh-PX in the protective group of kiwifruit fruit powder at different doses were significantly increased compared with the model group(p<0.05),and the content of MDA was significantly reduced(p<0.05),and the results showed that kiwifruit fruit powder reduced oxidative stress damage and had the best effect in the high-dose treatment group.The pathological observation of the liver,colon and epididymis adipose tissue showed that the mice with long-term kiwifruit fruit powder gavage had less fat vacuoles,less fat deformation and cell swelling,less fat accumulation,and no significant difference in the size of fat cells compared with the PC group.The U-shaped crypt of colonic tissue is relatively regular,and the submucosa and muscular layer are clearly demarcated.The content of SCFAs in the model group was significantly reduced,and the content of SCFAs in the rats with gavage kiwifruit powder was significantly higher than that in the model group(p<0.05),and the effect of the high-dose group was more obvious.In this project,the process of kiwifruit powder suitable for industrial production was selected,and its lipid-lowering effect in vitro and in vivo was studied,and the lipid-lowering mechanism of kiwifruit fruit powder was explored by metagenomics technology,which provided new ideas for the treatment of hyperlipidemia assisted by diet therapy and the realization of high value-added utilization of kiwifruit fruit powder.