Research On Performance Evaluation And Strategy Of Low-carbon Transition Of Power Generation Enterprises

The proposal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals provides new ideas for China to realize low-carbon transformation and high-quality development in an all-round way.One of the important paths to achieve the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals is to low-carbon energy structure.The power industry is an important industry that promotes China’s economic and social development,the power industry takes the lead in realizing low-carbon transformation,which is the basis for the low-carbon transformation of other industries,and is also an important guarantee for China to achieve sustainable development and low-carbon economy.As an important part of the power industry,power generation enterprises should actively follow the historical process and development law of energy transformation,explore strategies to achieve the carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals,and actively carry out lowcarbon transformation and take the road of sustainable development.Therefore,studying the performance evaluation of low-carbon transformation of power generation enterprises can enrich the relevant theories of low-carbon transformation evaluation of power generation enterprises at the theoretical level,and can evaluate the low-carbon transformation performance of enterprises at the practical level.Meanwhile,proposing key strategies for low-carbon transformation can provide decision-making reference for the subsequent transformation and development of enterprises.This paper takes the top five power generation groups in China as an example,on the basis of summarizing the practice and evaluation research on low-carbon transformation at home and abroad,combined with the current situation of low-carbon transformation in China’s power generation industry,and based on the DPSIR model,a set of low-carbon transformation performance of power generation enterprises is constructed.The evaluation index system includes 5 qualitative indicators and 20 quantitative indicators,and uses the combination of Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)and Entropy Weight Method to determine the comprehensive weight.Then,this paper normalizes the actual data collected from the top five power generation groups from 2015 to 2020,and evaluates and analyzes the low-carbon transformation performance from the vertical and horizontal dimensions.It not only uses the comprehensive score to describe the transformation effect of the enterprise itself,but also realizes the comparative analysis of ranking among enterprises through the TOPSIS method.Finally,by summarizing the low-carbon transformation experience of four foreign energy power generation companies,E.ON Group,RWE Group,EDF,and Tokyo Electric Power Company,low-carbon transformation strategies of Chinese power generation companies are summarized.The results show that:(1)The factors that have a greater impact on the low-carbon transformation performance of power generation enterprises are the state factor and pressure factor,including indicators at the level of pollutant discharge and utilization and the level of power supply structure.(2)From a vertical perspective,the low-carbon transformation performance of the top five major power generation groups has maintained a trend of increasing year by year,that is,the low-carbon transformation progress of the five companies during the"13th Five-Year Plan" period is good;from a horizontal perspective,the ranking of low-carbon transformation performance in 2015-2020 among the top five power generation groups is constantly changing,but generally speaking,the low-carbon transformation performance of State Power Investment Corporation Limited is relatively good.(3)Based on factor results analysis,evaluation results analysis and introduction of transformation experience,this paper summarizes and puts forward the low-carbon transformation strategies of Chinese power generation enterprises from the macro-government and micro-enterprise levels.The government needs to improve the policy system,strengthen the market mechanism and data governance to assist the low-carbon transformation of power generation enterprises;power generation companies need to continue to make efforts in four aspects:optimizing power supply structure,focusing on technology emission reductión,targeting market emission reduction and innovating business models to improve their low-carbon transformation performance,and while safeguarding economic interests,Chinese power generation enterprises can realize sustainable development of society and environment.