Study On Carbon Emission Distribution Characteristics And Emission Re-duction Path Of Stations And Sections During High-speed Railway Opera-tion

The carbon emission of the global transportation industry has increased year by year.At present,the proportion of transportation carbon emission has reached 25%,of which highway,aviation,shipping and railway account for 77%,10%,11% and 2% respectively.China’s railway electrification rate is the highest in the world.However,with the increase of railway transportation mileage,the energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission of railway transportation have increased year by year.According to the construction period,operation period According to the analysis of different stages of the whole life cycle,such as the scrap period,the carbon emission during the operation period accounts for about 85%.How to reduce the carbon emission during the operation period is of practical significance to the realization of the dual carbon goal of the railway transportation industry and the optimization of China’s transportation structure in the future.In this study,LCA,scenario analysis and other methods will be used to analyze the water energy carbon use and emission characteristics of different types of stations and sections during the operation of the railway transportation department represented by the Railway Bureau,reveal the current situation of energy consumption and carbon emission in various regions of the high-speed railway station represented by a typical railway station,propose a new model of "zero carbon" high-speed railway station,and select the green and low-carbon technology of wastewater to replace the potential environmental impact of carbon emission reduction and research.The research conclusions are as follows:(1)Through the statistical analysis of the carbon emission status of 35 stations and depots under a railway bureau,it is concluded that the total annual carbon emission is1.275 million t CO2.According to the type of station and depot,the top three carbon emission contributions are locomotive depot accounting for 77.37%,operation and maintenance guarantee 5.55% and passenger station accounting for 4.17%.According to the type of energy use,electric power and diesel contribute the most,accounting for 70.53%and 14.55% respectively.(2)Through the analysis of energy consumption and carbon emission characteristics of two high-speed railway passenger stations a and B,it is concluded that the energy consumption of the two stations is mainly electric energy,and station B uses steam as heat source at the same time;In terms of carbon emission,the ventilation and air conditioning systems of the two stations contribute the most,accounting for 47.45% and35.67% respectively;At the same time,it is found that the change of comprehensive operation power and power emission factors is the factor that has the greatest impact on the overall carbon emission of station B.The scenario analysis method is used to construct station B.in the future,under the condition of photovoltaic power generation and energysaving management,it can achieve carbon neutralization in 2030,in which photovoltaic power generation contributes the most,accounting for 77.55% of emission reduction,22.45% of emission reduction through operation strategy adjustment,18.30% of emission reduction of air conditioning system and 4.15% of emission reduction of commercial advertising system.(3)Green low-carbon technology substitution is an important way to realize zero carbon station section.Taking the low-carbon alternative technology of sewage as an example,this study compares the performance of three different treatment technologies in carbon emission,treatment effect,environmental impact,resource recovery and economic benefits.The research shows that technologies such as manure source separation and resource and energy recovery have obvious advantages in station sewage treatment.The combination of this process and photovoltaic power generation can replace the original process through scenario simulation,which can realize water resource reuse,reduce carbon emission and reduce environmental impact.At the same time,it can also create additional economic benefits.It can be used as one of the green and low-carbon alternative technologies in the water treatment system in the future railway transportation process.