Research On Pricing And Emission Reduction Of The Closed-loop Supply Chain Under Low-carbon Policies

With the rapid development of science and technology,the products in the market appear the phenomenon of rapid iteration,and the waste products also appear rapidly.The fast pace leads to the emergence of a large number of waste products with residual value in the society.The recycling of waste products can not only effectively improve the recycling of limited resources,alleviate the contradiction between energy consumption and excessive consumption,and maximize the residual value of waste products,but also bring new economic opportunities and profit points to enterprises.In China,due to the weak awareness of environmental protection and imperfect recycling system,the recycling rate of waste products is low.Therefore,how to improve the recovery rate of waste products has become an urgent problem to be solved.At present,the market "trade in" and "trade in" coexist.Taking this as the starting point,combined with the relevant supporting policies of government departments for "trade in" and referring to the policies in the development of low-carbon economy at home and abroad,this paper constructs a closed-loop supply chain model with the introduction of carbon quota and trading policy,carbon tax policy and no low-carbon policy.Taking market refinement and consumer utility as factors,the market demand function is analyzed and solved by Stackelberg game method.Under the analysis of different mechanisms,the different effects of closed-loop supply chain on product pricing,recycling decision-making,energy conservation and emission reduction are obtained.In addition,using the methods of mathematical derivation and numerical examples,this paper explores the relationship between the government’s "trade in" subsidy policy,low-carbon economic policy and closed-loop supply chain,and then explores the benefits and defects of the differentiated government’s "trade in" subsidy policy and low-carbon economic policy in the direction of economic benefits,energy conservation and emission reduction.The results show that:(1)when the remanufacturing emission reduction reaches certain conditions,the carbon quota trading policy encourages manufacturers to engage in recycling and remanufacturing.With the rise of carbon trading price,manufacturers can maximize profits by reducing the total output of products,promote product manufacturers to increase investment in improving energy-saving and emission reduction technology,and obtain greater economic benefits in combination with product recycling.(2)Carbon emission tax raises the price of new products and recycled products to a certain extent,reduces the market demand for new products and increases the demand for remanufactured products.Carbon tax has a significant positive correlation with the recycling price of old products,the remanufacturing sales price and the sales volume of old products,but has no significant impact on the recycling volume of waste products.Although carbon tax is a good way to curb carbon emissions,investment in carbon emission reduction technologies may seriously damage corporate profits.(3)The "trade in" subsidy in the market reduces the price of new and remanufactured products and promotes the recovery of waste products.For manufacturers and consumers in the consumer market,the implementation of the subsidy policy of trade in has had a beneficial impact on energy conservation and emission reduction of enterprises and consumers’ awareness of environmental protection.