| Pork is the most important meat consumption and the main source of protein for Chinese residents.However,the development of the pig industry is facing resource and environmental constraints,quality and safety risks,and many new challenges since the COVID-19 outbreak,which has put it in a bottleneck.Green development of pig industry plays an important role in economic development,environmental protection and improvement of people’s livelihood.In 2016,the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs issued the National Pig Production Development Plan,and the healthy development of the pig industry attracted wide attention.In2020,The General Office of the State Council issued the Opinions on Promoting the High-quality Development of Animal Husbandry,further proposing to adhere to green development.Continuously enhance the quality,efficiency and competitiveness of animal husbandry,and put forward higher requirements for the green development of the pig industry.It is of great significance to study the competitiveness level of green development of Chinese pig industry and its influencing factors.Based on the actual development status and research status of the pig industry in China,this study constructed the green development competitiveness index system of the pig industry from the four dimensions of resource conservation,environmental friendliness,product safety and high output efficiency,and further laid a solid theoretical basis for the index system.Firstly,entropy method was used to evaluate the green development competitiveness of pig industry in 30 provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions(except Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan and Tibet Autonomous Region)from 2009 to 2019.Then,cluster analysis method was used to classify the green development competitiveness of China’s pig industry into four categories: high,high,average and low.The temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of green development competitiveness of China’s pig industry were analyzed and the driving factors were pointed out.At the same time,seven indexes including industrial structure,science and technology level,feed output,government investment level,environmental management investment level,urbanization level and opening-up level were selected to explore the factors affecting the green development competitiveness of China’s pig industry.Finally,on the basis of the existing analysis results,some suggestions are put forward to improve the green development competitiveness of China’s pig industry.The main conclusions are as follows:First,in terms of time evolution trend,the overall competitiveness of green development in China’s pig industry increased from 0.278 to 0.355 from 2009 to 2019.The overall competitiveness of green development was stable from 2009 to 2018,and increased rapidly in2019.Resource conservation,environmental friendliness and product safety are the main driving factors for the overall improvement of green development competitiveness of the pig industry.From 2009 to 2018,the competitiveness of green development remained stable due to the offset of the increase and decrease of the four dimensions.In 2019,the competitiveness was promoted by resource conservation and product safety.Second,in terms of the characteristics of regional evolution,provinces with higher level of green development gradually shifted to the central,southwest and northeast provinces,with an obvious trend of "northern and western pig breeding".Provinces in southeast and northwest regions had lower level of green development of pig industry,and the "pollution paradise" hypothesis was not established.Resource conservation is the main driving factor for the rapid improvement of provinces with higher competitiveness level,while product safety and output efficiency is the main restricting factor for the slow improvement of provinces with lower competitiveness level.Third,in terms of the factors influencing the green development competitiveness,there is a significant spatial correlation between the green development competitiveness of China’s pig industry.At the national level,the green development competitiveness of the pig industry is significantly positively affected by the industrial structure,feed output,government investment level and the level of opening to the outside world,and significantly negatively affected by the level of investment in environmental governance.By region,the competitiveness of green development in central China is positively affected by industrial structure,science and technology level,government investment level and environmental governance investment level.The industrial structure,feed output and the level of opening to the outside world are positively promoting the green development competitiveness of pig industry in western China,while the investment level of environmental management plays an inhibiting role.The competitiveness of green development of pig industry in Northeast China is positively correlated with industrial structure,feed output and government investment level.The competitiveness of green development in eastern China is mainly promoted by industrial structure,feed output and the level of opening to the outside world.We can break through the dilemma of green development of China’s pig industry by means of modern production means,innovation of breeding mode,strengthening regional coordination and overall planning of external factors,and improve the competitiveness of green development of the industry. |
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