Study On Spatial-temporal Variation Of Habitat Quality In Guiyang City Based On Land Use Change

At present,the pace of ecological civilization construction in my country is accelerating.As the provincial capital of one of the first ecological civilization pilot zones(Guizhou),Guiyang City has organized and held the Guiyang International Forum on Ecological Civilization for many times,and has always adhered to the ecological civilization of ecological priority and green development.Build and explore the road.As a necessary process of social and economic development in Guiyang,new-type urbanization will inevitably have an impact on other surrounding land types and habitats under the condition of rapid expansion of construction land.Under this background,from the perspective of land use change,this paper explores the land use structure,dynamics and transfer direction of Guiyang City from 2005 to2020,and analyzes the law of land use change.Based on the land use change data,the In VEST model was used to evaluate the habitat quality,and the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of the habitat quality in Guiyang City were revealed by using Arc GIS spatial analysis tools.Based on the status of habitat quality,Arc GIS was used to count the fragile habitat areas,sensitive habitat areas,moderate habitat areas and advantageous habitat areas in Guiyang City,and put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions for different areas.the result shows:(1)From 2005 to 2020,the main land types in Guiyang City are mainly forest land,accounting for about 48%of the area,and the others are cultivated land,grassland,construction land,water area and unused land.During the study period,the area of construction land increased by 292.01 km~2.Except for the increase in the area of construction land,the area of other land types decreased to varying degrees,among which the decrease of cultivated land was the largest,with a decrease of 182.61 km~2.The conversion of various types to construction land is relatively severe,and the conversion of cultivated land,grassland and forest land to construction land is relatively large,which are 175.84 km~2,64.54 km~2,and 50.57 km~2respectively,indicating that the expansion of construction land is mainly the occupation of cultivated land,grassland and forest land.It is necessary to reconcile the contradiction between the growth of construction land and the reduction of ecological land.(2)From 2005 to 2020,the habitat quality of Guiyang City has the characteristics of"first decrease,then increase and then decrease",which generally fluctuates from 0.5862 to 0.5331,not a big drop.The habitat quality is mainly high and medium,and the average area ratio is 39.71%and 37.75%,respectively.The overall habitat is good.Habitat quality spatially showed a trend of"high in the north and low in the south",and its distribution and changes were closely related to land use.The habitat quality index of each district(county,city)is:Kaiyang County>Wudang District>Xifeng County>Xiuwen County>Qingzhen City>Huaxi District>Baiyun District>Nanming District>Guanshan Lake District>Yunyan District.The results of cluster analysis showed that the"low-low"agglomeration characteristics of habitat quality in Guiyang showed an expanding trend,while the"high-high"agglomeration characteristics were gradually dispersed.(3)According to the results of the geographic detector,the influence(q value)of different factors on habitat quality is different.Among them,Land use type>NDVI>Population density>Slope>SHDI>SPLIT>Altitude,the q value of Land use type is the highest,which is 0.4135,It is the first leading factor affecting the spatial differentiation characteristics of habitat quality in Guiyang City.The influences of SHDI and SPLIT on habitat quality were 0.0366 and 0.0247,respectively,indicating that changes in landscape pattern also affected the spatial differentiation characteristics of habitat quality to a certain extent.The two factors with the largest interaction were Land use type∩NDVI(0.4992),which further highlighted that Land use type was the decisive factor for habitat quality in Guiyang.(4)Aiming at the fragile habitat quality area(0.0-0.1)of Guiyang City,a development strategy is proposed to control the expansion of construction land in an orderly manner,while repairing and rebuilding the ecological space inside the city.For habitat quality-sensitive areas(0.1-0.3),the land use structure should be adjusted reasonably,the occupation of cultivated land,forest land and grassland should be reduced,and the landscape layout should be optimized,ecological corridors should be constructed,and the connectivity of land types should be increased to improve habitat quality.For areas with moderate habitat quality(0.3-0.5),it is necessary to protect water areas,prevent soil erosion,focus on the development of high-efficiency mountain-specific agriculture,and optimize habitat quality.For the habitat quality advantage area(0.5-0.8),the protection of important habitat quality patches such as woodland and grassland is the main focus to stabilize the ecosystem.