Research On Land Use And Habitat Quality Evaluation Of Hooded Crane Habitat

Shanghai Chongming Dongtan is the only estuary wetland in the world that is still developing.It is also an important stop and foothold for the migratory bird migration routes in the Asia-Pacific region.It is rich in biodiversity and its geographical location is very important.However,with the development of economy and society and the direct or indirect effects of human activities,the ecological environment of Chongming Dongtan,Shanghai has undergone a relatively strong change,which has brought severe challenges to regional ecological protection and affected the habitat of migratory birds.Based on the five remote sensing images of 1996,2002,2008,2014 and 2020 as the basic data,this paper constructs the Shanghai Chongming Dongtan land use database through image remote sensing interpretation,and analyzes Shanghai Chongming based on geographic information and data processing technology.The law of land uses change in Dongtan combines the main types of hooded crane habitat changes,and on this basis,the InVEST model is used to study the changes in habitat quality in Dongtan,Shanghai for more than20 years,and proposes for the protection of the region’s future ecological environment.Scientific suggestions and countermeasures.(1)Analyze the land use change of Hooded Crane habitat,mainly analyze the area changes,land to use to transfer matrix and land to use dynamics of the 9 types of land use of the study area.It is found that the land use change of Shanghai Chongming Dongtan is relatively high.Significantly.In the past 25 years,the area of the three land use types of reed beach,paddy field,woodland and construction land showed an overall upward trend,and the other four types of land use except for Spartina alterniflora showed an overall downward trend.The growth rate decreased rapidly and the area changed drastically;the area of reed beach land increased by 28.83%,the area of paddy field increased by 16.05%,the area of woodland increased by 45.19%,the area of construction land increased by126.39%,and the area of grassland land decreased by 37.00%;The transfer trend is also obvious.The reserved water area is 26284.55 hectares.The largest transfer area is paddy fields,the smallest transfer area is Spartina alterniflora,the largest transfer area is light beach,and the transfer area is the smallest.It is Spartina alterniflora.On the whole,in 1996 and 2020,the largest and smallest proportions of land use remained unchanged,namely waters and Spartina alterniflora.(2)It mainly analyzed 7 landscape pattern indexes in the study area,including LPI,LSI,SHDI,AI,TA and NP.The study found that the landscape patches index increased rapidly from 19935 in 1996 to 42925 in 2020,indicating that the landscape in the study area was fragmented Changes in LPI and LSI indices indicate that the changes in landscape shapes are becoming more complex,diverse and irregular.This generally reflects the poor landscape integrity of Shanghai’s Chongming Dongtan,which is not conducive to the stable development of the ecological environment of the migratory bird habitat.(3)Correlation studies show that there is a significant positive correlation between the changes of different land use types.The main habitat types of Hooded Cranes are reed beach,grassy beach and light beach,and the number of Spartina alterniflora and Hooded crane is significantly negatively correlated.(4)Combining the changes in the main land use types of the Hooded Crane habitat,the InVEST-Habitat Quality model is used to comprehensively analyze the changes in the habitat quality of Dongtan,Shanghai,and find that the changes in land use have a significant impact on the changes in habitat quality.The land use of Chongming Dongtan,Shanghai has changed drastically,and the fragmentation of the landscape has increased,all of which have led to changes in quality of the habitat in the study area.The study found that the impact on human activities on the habitat quality of the study area is more obvious,which is reflected on the strong correlation between the area with drastic changes in the ecological environment and the construction land and the growth of Spartina alterniflora.The habitat quality changes of Spartina alterniflora are divided into two areas,inside and outside.The internal habitat quality gradually deteriorates with the increase in construction land,and the external habitat quality changes from the growth of Spartina alterniflora.When Spartina alterniflora is successfully controlled,the habitat quality It has also improved,especially after the decrease of Spartina alterniflora,the increase in the number of Hooded cranes,and the improvement in the ecological environment of the habitat.This also shows that the protection against the original ecological environment of the study area is of great significance of the protection for the local ecological environment.