Research On The Impact Of Carbon Emissions Trading On Green Welfare

Climate change is a global problem faced by mankind.With the continuous emission of global carbon dioxide and the soaring increase of greenhouse gases,the global life system is facing a serious threat.In order to actively respond to climate change,from December 16 to 18,2020,the Central Economic Work Conference determined the major deployment of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.As a major institutional innovation that uses market mechanisms to control and reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote green and low-carbon development,carbon emissions trading is an important policy tool to achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.As of the end of 2021,carbon emission trading has been launched in some provinces and cities in China for nearly 8 years.Whether the trading can achieve the original intention of carbon emission reduction and release social development dividends is a major issue that policy makers and academia are concerned about.It is also an important basis for the continuous advancement of the policy across the country.This study is guided by multi-disciplinary related theories such as neoclassical economics,ecology and statistics,and focuses on the main line of "the impact of carbon emissions trading on green welfare".Combined with domestic and foreign research results on the effect of carbon emissions trading and its impact on green welfare,as well as the development status of China’s carbon emissions trading and green welfare,this thesis constructs a green welfare evaluation index system under the background of carbon emissions trading from three aspects: ecological environment,enterprise production and operation,and social and people’s livelihood,and establishes a DID model of the impact of carbon emission trading on green welfare.Using the carbon emissions and economic and social development data of 30 provinces and cities in China from 2006 to 2019,taking carbon emission trading in 8 provinces and cities gradually launched from 2013 as the research object,and taking the green welfare measurement indicators of the research objects as the investigation index,this paper empirically analyzes the green welfare of carbon emissions trading.And after the demonstration,a parallel trend test and robustness estimation is carried out to test the validity of the DID model.Finally,the suggestions for improving green welfare under the implementation of carbon emission trading are put forward.The study found:(1)In terms of ecological environment welfare,carbon emission rights trading has significantly improved the ecological environment and improved the social ecological environment welfare,mainly because carbon emission rights trading has significantly reduced carbon dioxide emissions and sulfur dioxide emissions in the trading area.In additional the better the economic development,the higher the energy utilization efficiency,and the higher the level of industrialization,the more obvious the effect of carbon emission trading on the improvement of ecological and environmental welfare,and this effect has a certain persistence and lag.(2)In terms of production and operation welfare of enterprises,carbon emission rights trading does not "concern one thing and lose another",and loses the welfare of industrial enterprises that are closely related to policies.Carbon emissions trading did not significantly increase the production cost of industrial enterprises and reduce the number of laborers in industrial enterprises.On the contrary,the transaction significantly boosted the total profits of industrial enterprises.This welfare-enhancing effect is affected by policy announcements,and industrial development status and technological progress can have a significant impact on the growth of corporate profits.(3)In terms of social welfare and people’s livelihood,carbon emission trading has significantly adjusted the employment structure of the society,making the employees of the secondary industry turn to other industries,and the effect of carbon emission trading on the ex-factory price of industrial producers is not significant.The "carbon tax" has not been passed on to consumers of industrial enterprise products,which has generally improved the welfare of the society and people’s livelihood.The higher the level of economic development,the higher the level of industrial development,and the higher the level of technology,the more obvious the promotion effect is.The above findings have important implications for understanding the significance of current carbon emissions trading and how to further promote the carbon market nationwide.Therefore,China should continue to strengthen the confidence and determination to implement the trading policy,promote the establishment of a national carbon trading system and accelerate the unification of the national carbon market.In the future work,the government should improve energy efficiency to improve ecological environment quality,encourage industrial enterprises to carry out technological innovation to continue to optimize profits,and speed up employment training and reemployment assistance for the unemployed to provide guarantees for personnel transformation and strive to promote carbon emissions trading to better enhance green welfare and benefit all people.