Research On The Impact Of Environmental Regulation On Enterprises’ Environmental Behavior

Since the reform and opening up,China’s economy has developed rapidly.At the same time that it has achieved world-renowned achievements,it has faced severe environmental pollution,shortage of resources and ecological damage due to its extensive economic development methods.To this end,the party and the government uphold the concept of“ Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets”,continue to promote the reform of the ecological civilization system,and gradually establish an environmental governance system dominated by government laws and regulations,supplemented by market incentives,and the participation of the whole people.As the creator of social material wealth and the main source of pollutant emissions,the main purpose of environmental regulation is to internalize the social costs caused by corporate emissions,and to promote energy conservation and emission reduction of enterprises,and accelerate the innovation of green technologies in order to achieve the sustainable development of our economy.How environmental regulation will affect the behavior of enterprises on environmental issues is not only an issue that needs to be solved urgently on the road of sustainable development,but also one of the hot issues concerned by academic circles.Based on this,this paper classifies the environmental behavior of enterprises from the micro level of enterprises,and studies the impact of environmental regulation on different environmental governance behavior of enterprises.The core problem is to explore “when the intensity of environmental regulation is enhanced,how will the impact on different environmental behavior of enterprises,whether the environmental governance behavior of enterprises engaged in post-governance to pre-prevention”.Around this problem,the analysis is carried out along the logic of “problems—theoretical analysis-formation of hypotheses—empirical tests—suggestions based on conclusions”.After analyzing the regulatory system of environmental governance in our country and combing its related literature,this paper constructs the theoretical model based on the theories of regulation theory,resource base theory,Porter hypothesis and strategic choice,Based on the data of Shenzhen-Shanghai A listed companies in 2010-2016,divides the environmental behavior of enterprises into environmental governance behaviors and environmental research and development behaviors,and then constructs the index of enterprise environmental behavior selection and upgrading.To study the influence of command-controled,market-incentive and informal environmental regulation on different environmental protection behaviors of enterprises and their choice and upgrading,as well as the changes of the above relationship in the perspective of different environmental law enforcement supervision levels.The results show that in China’s environmental regulation,command-controlled environmental regulation is the most effective type of environmental regulation to promote enterprises to adopt environmental behavior,which can not only promote the increase of investment related to environmental governance behavior and environmental research and development behavior,but also promote the upgrading of environmental behavior.Informal environmental regulation is the second,although it can not promote the choice and upgrade of environmental behavior,but it plays a certain role in promoting enterprises to increase the investment related to environmental governance behavior and environmental research and development behavior.Under market-incentive environmental regulation,environmental governance behavior related investment has been increased,while environmental research and development behavior related investment has been significantly reduced,enterprises still tend to solve environmental pollution problems with environmental governance behavior,environmental behavior selection and upgrading can not be achieved,did not play a theoretical role.The influence of command-controlled environmental regulation and informal environmental regulation on environmental behavior of enterprises is more significant and more effective under the supervision of high-level environmental law enforcement.However,the difference of supervision level of environmental law enforcement has little effect on the relationship between market incentive environmental regulation and enterprise environmental behavior,which further shows that market incentive environmental regulation can not play a theoretical role.Based on the above conclusions,the government is encouraged to further formulate reasonable environmental regulation policies on the basis of command-controlled environmental regulation,eliminate the factors that inhibit the role of market-incentive environmental regulation and informal environmental regulation,at the same time,standardize the environmental law enforcement supervision procedures and improve the environmental law enforcement supervision mechanism.In addition,we should increase the publicity of environmental protection,enhance citizens’ awareness of environmental protection,and enterprises should set up the concept of sustainable development,while pursuing the maximization of profits,we should also pursue the maximization of environmental benefits.The research enriches the domestic and foreign research on the impact of environmental regulation on enterprises,and selected appropriate environmental regulation tools and formulated scientific environmental regulation strengths for environmental protection agencies in various regions to “appropriate measures according to local conditions” in order to better achieve enterprises environmental behavior from the environmental governance to the environmental research and development,which provides some theoretical and practical basis and contributions,has certain reference value and practical significance for promoting enterprises to the road of true green sustainable development.