Study On Preparation,Antihyperlipidemic And Antioxidant Effects Of Flavonoids And Polysaccharides From Chaenomeles Sinensis (Thouin) Koehne

Chaenomeles sinensis(Thouin)Koehne belongs to Rosaceae,Chaenomeles Lindl.,and it has a wide range of biological activities as a traditional Chinese food and medicinal materials.It is widely planted with a large production in China.Baihe County of Shaanxi has become the largest production base of Chaenomeles sinensis for 100,000mu,and its yield has amounted to more than 150,000 tons in 2010.Now Chaenomeles sinensis has been mainly processed into fruit wine,fruit vinegar,preserved fruit and medicinal slices and so on.Therefore it will make a big difference for developing highly processed products with a high accessional value and promoting the comprehensive utilization of resources.In recent years,researching on Chaenomeles sinensis has mainly focused on extraction,purification and pharmacological activities in vitro for a single constituent and so on.However,there were few reports about simultaneous extraction,drying and biological activity in vivo of the active ingredient.In this paper,simultaneous extraction,separation,concentration,drying and biological activities in vivo for flavonoids and polysaccharides from Chaenomeles sinensis(Thouin)Koehne were analyzed.The main results of this research were as follows:1.The optimal ultrasonic-assisted extraction conditions of simultaneous extraction for flavonoids and polysaccharides from Chaenomeles sinensis were carried out by response surface methodology.The optimal conditions were ultrasonic power of 480W,extraction time of 35min,extraction temperature of 73℃ and liquid-material ratio of 90:1(mL/g).Under these conditions,the total yield of flavonoids and polysaccharides was 15.62%,which was increased by 21.46%than hot water extraction on equal conditions.2.Orthogonal test analysis was carried out to estimate conditions of simultaneous extraction for flavonoids and polysaccharides by the method of hot water.The extraction optimal conditions were:liquid-material ratio of 110:1(mL/g),extraction time of 2.5h and extraction temperature of 95 ℃.Under the optimized condition,the total yield of flavonoids and polysaccharides was 22.58%,which was suitable for its industrialized production.3.In order to separate flavonoids and polysaccharides,four kinds of macroporous resin were observed.Results showed that the absorption and desorption rate of resin AB-8 for flavonoids were both the biggest at the rate of 95.670%and 97.702%.Moreover,the retention rate of resin AB-8 for polysaccharides was 82.877%,which proved that it was suitable for separating flavonoids and polysaccharides.Effect of concentrated temperature on content of flavonoids and polysaccharides was not obvious,and the suitable temperature for flavonoids and polysaccharides solution were 60℃ and 70℃.Effect of drying methods on content of flavonoids and polysaccharides was significant.The retention rate of flavonoids and polysaccharides were 98.757%and 92.901%by the method of freeze drying.Results showed that it was the most effective drying method for flavonoids and polysaccharides.4.The kinds of flavonoids were identified by HPLC.It indicated that there were four kinds of aglycones,which were catechin,epicatechin,rutin and hyperoside in samples dried by different methods.According to the HPLC results,content of catechin and rutin was up to 40%in total flavonoids detected,and the content of four kinds of flavonoid mentioned above were all the highest in the sample dried by freeze drying.5.Antihyperlipidemic experiment indicated that flavonoids and polysaccharides were effective in hyperlipidemic mice model.High dose of flavonoids,flavonoids and polysaccharides and concentrated liquid group could significantly lower the content of TC by 20.18%,20.18%and 21.40%respectively.High dose of flavonoids and polysaccharides group could significantly lower the content of TG by 31.43%and 30.48%when compared with model group.All except concentrated liquid group could extremely significantly increase the level of HDL-C.Groups of flavonoids and flavonoids and polysaccharides showed significantly lower effect on LDL-C by 26.89%,24.79%and 37.39%.Meanwhile,atherosclerotic index of mice was reduced with the restoration of blood lipid level accordingly.6.Antioxidant experiment showed that flavonoids and polysaccharides from could increase the content of MDA and enhance activities of T-SOD and GSH-Px.Content of MDA in flavonoids groups decrease by 16.10%and 19.07%when compared with model.Activities of T-SOD in groups of high dose of flavonoids,polysaccharides and concentrated liquid were enhanced by 29.55%,24.59%and 21.35%,respectively(p<0.01>p<0.05、p<0.05).Moreover,results showed that activities of GSH-Px were significantly increased in groups of polysaccharides and concentrated liquid(p<0.01,p<0.05,p<0.05).