| With the continuous development of the oil transportation industry,the increase of large marine oil tankers,and the complexity of the maritime navigation environment,the risk of oil spills at sea is becoming increasingly serious.Oil spills have a huge destructive effect on the marine environment and ecosystem,endangering the entire marine ecological chain,affecting water bodies,shorelines,organisms,industries,and human health.Major marine oil spills have even brought catastrophic harm to the marine environment.A series of major marine pollution accidents,such as the Gulf of Mexico oil spill in the United States,the Penglai 19-3oilfield oil spill,and the "7.16" pollution in Dalian,have made the country and society increasingly aware of the enormous harm caused by marine oil spills to the marine ecological environment,port navigation,fishery resources,and related production industries.The attention and prevention level of major marine oil spill pollution accidents has also increased to a new level.With relevant national departments,local governments,ships,and oil storage companies investing in the emergency response work for marine oil spills,China’s shortcomings in the emergency response force for marine oil spills have gradually been made up for.However,due to the complexity of the marine oil spill emergency system,a series of marine oil spill emergency problems have inevitably emerged,such as the sustainable development of emergency plans,insufficient emergency monitoring and monitoring systems,the need to improve emergency command and coordination capabilities,and the professional and socialized development of emergency teams.The emergence of these series of marine oil spill emergency problems has also raised higher demands on China’s marine oil spill emergency capabilities More challenging requirements.Therefore,scientifically evaluating China’s marine oil spill emergency capability and identifying the weak links of China’s marine oil spill emergency capability have strong theoretical value and practical guidance significance.From the perspective of resilience theory,this article conducts in-depth research on China’s emergency response capacity for marine oil spills through investigation and literature review,mainly including the following aspects.Firstly,the concepts and connotations of emergency response capabilities for oil spills and marine oil spills,as well as capacity assessment,were clarified,and the resilience theory and complex system safety theory were explained.Secondly,in terms of the current situation of the construction of emergency response capabilities for marine oil spills,the effectiveness and difficulties faced in the construction were sorted out,further deepening the understanding of China’s emergency response capabilities for marine oil spills.Once again,combined with the existing research results on China’s marine oil spill emergency response capacity at home and abroad,it is concluded that the current marine oil spill emergency response capacity in China mainly includes three structural elements,namely absorption capacity,adaptability capacity,and recovery capacity.Based on this,a secondary evaluation index system for China’s marine oil spill emergency response capacity has been constructed.By conducting a survey on China’s marine oil spill emergency response capacity and based on the results of the survey questionnaire,the weights of each primary and secondary indicator are calculated;Using the FRAM-FAHP method,conduct a multi-level evaluation of China’s marine oil spill emergency capability and obtain the final evaluation results.The results indicate that the four functional modules of the contingency plan system,monitoring system,command and coordination,and emergency team experience abnormal oscillations,which are transmitted through functional connections,causing coupling resonance between the functional modules.Finally,based on the evaluation results,corresponding prevention and control barriers are established,and strategies are proposed to enhance China’s emergency response capabilities for marine oil spills. |
