| Longevity has always been a good wish of human beings since ancient times.With the improvement of living standards,people have higher and higher requirements for a healthy life,so the degree of attention to longevity has gradually increased.According to the geographical distribution difference of longevity population in the world,it shows that the influence of environmental media on life expectancy is extremely significant.There are also relevant studies on the influence of elements on human health and longevity,but the distribution and difference law of each element in the environment of longevity and non-longevity areas are not clear,and most studies are qualitative analysis between life indicators and elements.In this thesis,Shanxian County of longevity area and Caoxian County,Chengwu County and Dingtao County of non-longevity area are selected as the comparative study area.Samples of soil,staple crops(wheat and corn)and drinking water were collected and measured.The differences of element contents in environmental media and their quantitative relationships with life indexes were discussed by correlation analysis,principal component analysis and path analysis.This study explores the dominant elements in environmental media and their relationship with life expectancy index,which has certain theoretical and practical significance for promoting the healthy and sustainable development of population.The main research achievements are as follows:(1)Based on the sixth National Census,the results showed that the UOI(the proportion of people over 80 years old in the total population,2.40),LI(the proportion of people over 90 years old versus those over 65 years old,2.67)and CH(the number of centenarians per one hundred thousand inhabitants,11.29)of the longevity area were all higher than the national average,and most of the indexes were higher than those of the non-longevity area,especially the CH index was significantly different from the nonlongevity area.(2)Based on the GIS inverse distance weight interpolation method,the spatial distribution characteristics of the study area were analyzed,and it was found that the contents of most elements in the environment were significantly different,and the distribution of elements was closely related to the terrain change.The results showed that the average contents of Al,As,Li and Sr in soil of the longevity areas were 1.01-1.29 times higher than those of the non-long-lived areas,while the contents of Cu,Fe,Ni,Sr and Mo were 9%-81% lower than those of the non-longevity areas.In staple crops,the contents of As,Se,Cr,Fe,K,Li,Mg,Ni,Zn,Co and Ga in longevity areas were 1.03 ～9.70 times that in non-longevity areas,and the contents of Al,B,Ba,Ca,Cu,Mn,Mo,Na,Pb,Sc,Sr,V,Sb and Tl in longevity areas were 13% ～ 99% lower than those in nonlongevity areas.The contents of Ba,Be,Ca,Li,Mn,Sr,Sc,Cd,Sb,Ba and Tl in the macrobiotic area in drinking water are 1.0-4.47 times that of the non-macrobiotic area.The contents of Al,As,B,Mg,Na,K,Cu,Fe,Pb,Zn,V,Ni,Sr and Mo were 10% ～ 86%lower than those in the non-longevity area.(3)By comparing with the environmental background value,the essential elements and potentially harmful elements of human body were analyzed to find out the main indicators affecting longevity.The elements Cr(87.5%)and Ni(87.5%)in staple crops,Sb(31.25%),Tl(25%)and Na(37.5%)in drinking water exceeded the environmental background value.Essential elements Sr and B in soil,Fe and Co in crops,Ca and Mn in drinking water,and potentially harmful elements As,In,Tl and Ba in soil,Tl,In and As in staple crops,and Al,In and As in drinking water are important indicators affecting longevity.(4)According to the weight and significance of principal component analysis,the factors that play a leading role in each environmental medium are analyzed.A path analysis model was established to judge the quantitative difference between the longlived and non-long-lived regions.The results of principal component analysis showed that Fe,Mn,Ba,K,Se and Sr were dominant elements in soil,respectively.Elements such As As,Tl,V,In,Cr,Zn and Co had great effects on the life span of main grains.In drinking water,Mo,B and Cu,As,Cr elements with high loading values play a leading role respectively.Path analysis results showed that Ca element(CH: 0.325;UOI: 0.449;LI:0.524)and low concentration Tl(CH: 0.537),Ni(UOI: 0.835)and Sr(UOI: 1.249),Mo(UOI: 0.701;CH: 0.943),low levels of Al(CH: 0.368)and As(UOI: 0.651)are positive factors for human health and longevity. |
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