Establishment Of A Chinese Centenarian Cohort Study In Hainan Province And Investigation Of The Gut Microbiome In Longevity-related Health

ObjectiveBy establishing a cohort study of 146 centenarians in Hainan Province and analyzing longevity-related microbiome,the gut microbiota changes of the centenarians were analyzed to explore the possible effects on the progression of death,which could provide new ideas and approaches for the maintenance of longevity.Methods1.Using a prospective study,a total of 146 healthy centenarians in Hainan Province were enrolled in this cohort.64 of them in Chengmai and Danzhou were followed up for health status every 3 month.Their feces and blood were collected simultaneously until death.2.Through self-control methods,Metagenomic analysis was performed on 4 of the centenarians which were assigned into 2 groups:Death(before their death)and Predeath6(6 month prior to Death).3.Random forest was used to identify microbial signatures that best differentiate between the healthy and dying status.Results1.Mean age of centenarians admitted to the cohort was 105.2±3.1 years and mean death age was 105.6±2.9 years.The one-year mortality rate was 17.2%.Climate factors have an impact on lifespan(P<0.05),while there was no significant between gender and geographical factors.2.E.coli and Prevotella copri were predominant in the gut of centenarians,and there was no significant difference in composition during the observation period(P>0.05).At the species level,Bacteroides faecis and Flavonifractor plautii were significantly different in the Predeath6 group,while Bifidobacterium longum and Clostridium nexile were significantly dififerent in the Death group compared with the other group(LDA score>2).3.The machine-learning model of dying status before death was used to screen out 5 relatively important bacteria as biomarkers(Training Set AUC = 0.957).ConclusionIn summary,our data support the idea that the centenarians' microbiota might exhibit dying signs at least 6 month prior to their death,and the difference between individuals is greater than death itself.Certain species-specific bacteria may have significant in predicting the status of dying just before death.