Research On The Development Of Preprints In The Expansion Of The Communism Of Scientific Knowledge

The dissemination of scientific knowledge has a long history and many forms since its birth.Through these forms,behind it is the impact of scientific knowledge on social development,as well as the corresponding social ethical norms for scientific activities.From the perspective of the principle of publicity of scientific knowledge,it is specifically manifested in the penetration of social value of publicity of scientific knowledge.Taking the development of preprints as an entry point to study the dissemination of scientific knowledge reveals the social requirements of this value expansion.From the 16th to the 18th century,it was the birth period of modern science.At this stage,scientific research showed obvious characteristics of positivism,that is,scientific knowledge does not depend on the objective requirements of subjective opinions.To meet this requirement,scientific knowledge needs to undergo cross-validation and repeated testing.In this process,the public ownership of scientific knowledge first shows the value of guaranteeing the objectivity of scientific knowledge.To meet the knowledge exchange requirements for the objective verification of scientific knowledge,the scientific communication method based on scientific research letters constitutes the initial prototype of the preprint.With the expansion of the scientific community,this communication method of letters has developed into a scientific communication circle,but it is still unable to meet the growing demand for knowledge and objectivity communication,so it is finally replaced by sci-tech journals.Therefore,the objectivity of scientific knowledge is also assumed by the peer review of scientific journals.Since the 19th century,especially after the Second Industrial Revolution,science and technology have been significantly interrelated,the role of science in the development of social productivity has become prominent,and science,technology and industry have also continued to integrate.With the increasing demand of the society as a whole for the production of scientific knowledge,the publicity of scientific knowledge is manifested in the cooperative innovation of scientific knowledge production,which requires the reduction of secrecy in scientific activities as much as possible and the acceleration of the dissemination of scientific knowledge.Due to the decline in the dissemination efficiency of traditional sci-tech journals,from the 1960 s to the 1990 s,preprints,as a more open,efficient and timely dissemination method,have gone through the development of paper preprints to electronic preprints and become important means of scientific communication.With the advent of the knowledge economy,knowledge itself has become the core element of economic activities.This also makes capital tend to monopolize the dissemination of knowledge,while scientific researchers and the general public demand fair access to knowledge,which is manifested in the contradiction between knowledge monopoly and public access to knowledge in science communication.In this context,the publicity of scientific knowledge is manifested as an anti-capital fair value of knowledge.In scientific communication,the open access movement,which aims to pursue a fair acquisition of scientific knowledge and realize the full and free exchange of scientific knowledge,has emerged,and the advantages of preprints for fair access to knowledge have also made it a pioneer in open publishing..In the end,preprints have realized the combination with sci-tech journals due to their value of fair access to knowledge,and promoted the new development of scientific communication integrating objectivity,efficiency and fairness.