Research On The Construction Mode Of Climate Responsive Characteristics Of Rural Dwellings In Qinba Mountain Area

Most of the Qinba mountains are hot in summer and cold in winter,so local dwellings have to balance the need to protect themselves from heat in summer with the need to keep warm in winter.In order to adapt to local climatic conditions,the dwellings have developed over a long period of time and have accumulated a lot of experience in climate adaptation.Nowadays,as people’s living standards continue to improve,they have higher requirements for the comfort of their living environment.Therefore,the study of the climatic adaptation of dwellings in the Qinba Mountains not only provides guidance for the future construction of local dwellings,but also contributes to energy conservation and environmental protection,and promotes the sustainable development of society.Through field research and mapping of 20 village dwellings in 13 counties and districts in the southwest part of the Qinba Mountains,the architectural characteristics of the dwellings in the southwest part of the Qinba Mountains,such as form,space and construction practices,were collated and summarised,and six of the dwellings were selected to test their indoor and outdoor air temperature,black-bulb temperature,air humidity and wind speed in summer and winter.The data were used to analyse the indoor thermal environment of the dwellings,and it was found that the rural dwellings in the Qinba Mountains generally have poor indoor thermal environment,hot and stuffy in summer and cold and wet in winter.Through a combination of qualitative research,quantitative research and simulations,the mechanism of the effect of climate adaptation techniques on the thermal environment of residential dwellings in the Qinba Mountains is analysed in terms of architectural form,architectural space and construction technology.The open floor plan of the dwellings in the Qinba Mountains is conducive to natural ventilation in summer and heat gain on the walls in winter;the deep eaves are conducive to shading in summer and preventing rainwater from dripping onto the walls;the open hall space is conducive to dehumidification and heat removal in summer;the attic space is conducive to indoor warmth in winter and heat insulation in summer;and the envelope structure is locally sourced,energy-efficient and environmentally friendly,which can effectively cope with the hot summer and cold winter climate.Using Ladybug Tools,a single-factor and multi-factor simulation was carried out to analyse six climate adaptation techniques: building height,loft height,eaves width,wall thickness,roof thickness and window-to-wall ratio,resulting in two combination scenarios.The average indoor radiation temperature of the two combined solutions has improved in both winter and summer by comparing the baseline model,and the average indoor radiation temperature in summer has decreased by 0.64℃ and 0.19℃ respectively.The average indoor radiation temperature in winter increased by 0.37°C and 0.48°C respectively.Based on the simulation results and conclusions,it is hoped that the study of the relationship between climate adaptation techniques and mean indoor radiation temperature in the region will provide some reference for climate adaptation models for residential buildings in the Qinba Mountains.