Research On The Influence Of Fiscal Environmental Protection Expenditure On Green Total Factor Productivity

Since the reform and opening up,China’s economy has grown at a high speed and created remarkable achievements.However,the extensive economic growth mode has made China pay a heavy price for environment.The 14 th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of the People’s Republic of China and the Outline of Long-term Goals to 2035 clearly call for accelerating green and low-carbon development,comprehensively improving the efficiency of resource utilization.On the basis of traditional total factor productivity,green total factor productivity incorporates environmental factors into the index calculation system,and the calculated results reflect the development status of regional green economy.Based on this,this paper analyzes the impact of green total factor productivity,and analyzes the action path of fiscal environmental protection expenditure on green total factor productivity from both internal and external perspectives on the basis of spatial effect,so as to provide reference for further improving the government’s environmental governance capacity,optimizing fiscal environmental protection expenditure,and achieving the win-win result of "efficiency improvement" and "emission reduction".To be specific: First,the literature review on fiscal environmental protection expenditure and green total factor productivity is carried out,the theory of public goods,the theory of externality,the theory of sustainable development and the theory of regional coordinated development are analyzed and studied,and the relevant concepts are defined.The paper believes that the regional ecological environment is non-competitive and non-exclusive,and the market is based on the principle of benefit maximization.They are not willing to provide it completely,which leads to market failure.Therefore,local governments should assume the responsibility of intervention and guidance.The increase of it can act on green total factor productivity through environmental effect,economic effect and spatial effect,promote economic growth and environmental governance,and thus realize regional green economic development.Secondly,it summarizes the impact mechanism of fiscal environmental protection expenditure on green TFP.Since local environmental governance has spatial spillover effect,fiscal environmental protection expenditure will have internal and external impacts on green TFP,among which the internal impacts include the "direct effect" and "indirect effect" of fiscal environmental protection expenditure.It reflects that fiscal expenditure on environmental protection contributes to economic growth,environmental quality improvement and green total factor productivity improvement.The external impact is based on spatial spillover,reflecting the impact of it in surrounding areas on the regional green total factor productivity.Thirdly,the present situation of Chinese fiscal environmental protection expenditure is analyzed from the perspective of scale,structure and regional differences,and the existing problems of Chinese fiscal environmental protection expenditure are summarized.The existing scale of Chinese fiscal environmental protection expenditure is small,has not formed the stable growth mechanism,the expenditure structure is unreasonable,the regional difference is obvious,the expenditure use efficiency is not high.Unscientific performance management and unclear division of environmental expenditure responsibilities among governments.Based on this,after sorting out the concept,theory and measurement methods of green total factor productivity,this paper uses data envelopment analysis method to measure and analyze the provincial green total factor productivity index by constructing SBM directional distance function.Fourth,build an empirical model to verify the impact mechanism of fiscal environmental protection expenditure on green total factor productivity.First,use the fixed-effect panel regression model to analyze and verify the internal impact of it on green total factor productivity,including the "direct effect" of fiscal environmental protection expenditure on green total factor productivity.And choose social pollution control investment as the social capital driven by fiscal environmental protection expenditure to analyze the "indirect effect" of fiscal environmental protection expenditure on green total factor productivity.Secondly,based on the spatial spillover,the spatial Dubin model was constructed,and the partial differential decomposition method was used to calculate the spatial spillover effect of it on green total factor productivity.The spatial spillover effect was taken as the influence of fiscal environmental protection expenditure on local green total factor productivity of surrounding provinces,and the external influence of fiscal environmental protection expenditure on green total factor productivity was verified.Fifth,we put forward some suggestions to optimize the expenditure of fiscal environmental protection in light of the actual development situation of our country.First,the government should adhere to the concept of green development,accelerate the adjustment of industrial structure,and establish a regional development evaluation system with green total factor productivity as the core to realize green economic development.Second,we will improve the mechanism for it,improve the effectiveness of government,increase the scale of it,establish a stable mechanism to ensure the growth of expenditure,optimize the structure of fiscal expenditure on environmental protection,Finally,we will deepen the reform of fiscal powers among governments,achieve a pattern of co-governance by multiple entities,strengthen the leverage of government expenditure on social capital,stimulate the enthusiasm of social and environmental governance,strengthen inter-regional coordination of governance,and enhance the capacity of governments to provide public services.