Gross Ecosystem Product Accounting And Spatio-temporal Pattern Evolution In The Funiu Mountain Area

The Funiu Mountain area is located in the transition zone between the north subtropical zone and the South warm temperate zone in China.It is the watershed of the Yellow River,Huaihe River and Yangtze River.It is one of the important water conservation areas in Central China.It contains great ecological and economic value.The change of its ecosystem is of great significance to the ecological security of Henan Province and even the whole country.However,in the face of such a huge ecosystem,how to clarify its ecological value,clarify the relationship between ecological protection and economic development,and promote the coordinated development of social economy(GDP)and ecosystem production level(ecosystem GDP GEP)is the primary problem faced by Funiu Mountain Area in the construction of ecological civilization.Therefore,it is of great significance to calculate the total value of ecosystem production services(GEP)in The Funiu Mountain area,analyze its spatio-temporal pattern and regularity,and analyze the coupling and coordination level of GEP and GDP.Using the relevant theories and methods of geography and ecological economics,taking the whole Funiu Mountain Area and 12 counties as the research unit,and using the multi-source data such as meteorological data,DEM data and socio-economic statistics,this paper constructs the basic database and special database of ecosystem GDP accounting in Funiu Mountain area;Through the research method of qualitative and quantitative combination,the functional quantity and value quantity of ecosystem in Funiu Mountain area are calculated from the three parts of ecosystem product provision,regulation service and cultural service,the total value of ecosystem production in Funiu Mountain Area during the research period is obtained,the temporal and spatial pattern evolution of GEP as a whole and subsystems in Funiu Mountain area is analyzed,and the coupling and coordination relationship between GEP and GDP is explored,In order to provide a scientific basis for the balanced and coordinated development between economy and ecological protection in Funiu Mountain area.The main conclusions are as follows:1.the gross ecosystem product(GEP)in Funiu Mountain area is in a growing trend,and the GEP in each county is also increasing gradually.The ecosystem quality is generally good,but the spatial difference of GEP is relatively significant,and the spatial and temporal changes of GEP in each county are also relatively large.Deep mountain districts and counties in Funiu Mountain area,such as Xixia County,Lushi County,Luanchuan County,Song County and Nanzhao County,are the main areas of GEP in Funiu Mountain area.Spatially,the high value area of GEP in Funiu Mountain area is mainly concentrated in the northwest,and the low value area is mainly distributed in the hilly and plain counties with relatively low altitude in Funiu Mountain area,such as Yichuan County,Fangcheng County,Zhenping county,etc.During the study period,GEP in Funiu Mountain area showed a growing trend,with an increase of 19.1%.2.in the GEP subsystem of Funiu Mountain area,the GEP and its change rate among different subsystems are quite different.Among the sub-systems of GEP in Funiu Mountain area,the regulation service value sub-system is the main part of the service value of the GEP sub-system,accounting for more than 80%,constituting the GEP base in Funiu Mountain Area and the foundation of sustainable development.The value of products and cultural services has the highest growth rate,especially the value of cultural services has increased rapidly,and it is the most active subsystem in the subsystem.In the composition of regulation service value subsystem,climate regulation,carbon sequestration and oxygen release,and soil conservation are the three pillars,which have become the core elements of GEP in Funiu Mountain region.In particular,at the level of factor research,the service value of water conservation is relatively weak,while Funiu Mountain area is the most important water conservation area of Danjiangkou reservoir.The water quality and quantity of the reservoir are directly related to the water quality of the diversion project of the middle route of the Southto-North Water Transfer Project,and are closely related to the water conservation of Funiu Mountain Area in this study area.At present,the relatively low value of water conservation services does not match its main ecological protection functions,which needs special attention from government departments.3.there are obvious differences in the spatial pattern evolution characteristics of different subsystems.The specific performance is as follows:(1)the high value areas of product value are mostly concentrated in the South and east of Funiu Mountain area,and gradually decline to the northwest.(2)The adjustment service value decreases from southeast to northwest,showing the difference between the center and the periphery as a whole.The value of the central and western regions has been greatly improved,including Lushi County,Luanchuan County,Xixia County,the south of Song County,the south of Ruyang County,the northwest of Nanzhao county and the north of Neixiang County;The adjustment value of Hilly and plain counties at the edge of the region has not increased much,mainly concentrated in Yichuan County,Fangcheng County,the southeast of Nanzhao County,Zhenping county,etc.The quantitative study of spatial autocorrelation further proves that the spatial change of regulating service value has the trend of spatial agglomeration.Each index of the regulation service value subsystem has different spatial patterns.In different ecosystem types,the order of regulation service value from high to low is: Forest > farmland >grassland > shrub > wetland.(3)The value of cultural services has always been on the rise and developing rapidly.On the whole,it is decreasing from the northwest to the southeast.The high value areas are mainly concentrated in the northwest counties of Funiu Mountain area,while the low value areas are mainly distributed in the South counties.4.GEP and GDP are well coupled as a whole,and the coordination is at a medium level.The coupling degree of GEP and GDP in Funiu Mountain area shows an upward trend,most of which belong to the benign coupling stage.The two systems of ecology and economy show a good interactive relationship.The coordination degree between GEP and GDP is always in the moderate coordination stage.The growth of GEP and GDP is synchronous,but GEP lags behind GDP slightly,indicating that there is still much room to improve the coordination level between GEP and GDP in Funiu Mountain region.