Spatial-temporal Evolution Of Ecological Land Use And Its Effects In Resource-exhausted City Based On GEP

Resource-exhausted cities,as mineral resource development and output places,not only make great contributions to economic development,but also have many negative impacts on their own ecological environment.Under the background of ecological civilization construction and high-quality development,China has entered a critical period of providing more high-quality ecological products to meet the needs of the people for a better ecological environment.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the evolution and ecological effects of ecological land in resource-exhausted cities based on the value of ecological products.In view of this,this thesis follows the research idea of "spatio-temporal analysiseffect measurement-factor exploration",taking Jiawang District,a resource-depleted city,as an example,to construct a research framework for ecological land evolution and ecological effects,using transition matrix,shadow engineering method,and substitution cost method.With the help of ENVI,Arc GIS,Geoda and other tools,coupled with multi-temporal remote sensing images,meteorological data,soil data and other multivariate data,on the basis of studying the temporal and spatial evolution of ecological land in Jiawang District,a value accounting model was constructed to calculate Gross Ecosystem Product(GEP)reveals the evolution characteristics of the value of ecological products,so as to grasp the law of ecological effects in Jiawang District,and explore the influencing factors of ecological effects.The research conclusions are as follows:(1)The analysis of the temporal and spatial evolution of ecological land found that the ecological land structure in Jiawang District has certain regularity and significant differences in time series changes and spatial patterns.Firstly,the type structure of ecological land in Jiawang District is relatively stable.Cultivated land is the most important type of ecological land in Jiawang District,accounting for more than 70% of the total ecological land,while woodland,grassland and water areas account for a small proportion.Secondly,from 1995 to 2020,the distribution pattern of ecological land agglomeration and random grids tended to be stable.Forests and grasslands were mainly distributed in Zhuyushan Street,Jiangzhuang Town,Qingshanquan Town,Biantang Town and Daquan Street,and cultivated land was mainly distributed in Tashan Street.Town,Jiangzhuang Town,Qingshanquan Town,Zizhuang Town and Biantang Town,and the waters are distributed in Tashan Town,Dawu Street,Zizhuang Town and Pan’an Lake Street.Finally,in terms of chronological changes,ecological land increased significantly from 2005 to 2015,and ecological land decreased significantly from 2015 to 2020;in terms of spatial pattern,with the Bulao River as the boundary,the degree of ecological land change in the northwest was significantly stronger than that in the southeast.The areas with more drastic changes are concentrated in Pan’an Lake Street,Xuzhou Industrial Park,Zhuyushan Street and other places,and the areas with stable ecological land are mainly distributed in Zizhuang Town,Tashan Town and Dawu Street and other places.(2)The calculation of the Gross Ecosystem Product shows that the ecological effect of Jiawang District has increased significantly,the GEP is increasing,and the distribution has obviously spatial differentiation characteristics.First of all,from 1995 to 2020,the GEP of Jiawang District showed a continuous upward trend,increasing from 8.864 billion yuan to 16.342 billion yuan.The growth rate first increased and then decreased.Carbon fixation and oxygen release and climate regulation are the main sources of value in the study area.the water purification value is the smallest.Secondly,among the three service categories,the adjustment service function has the largest value and is the core service provided by the ecosystem of Jiawang District.The value of product supply increased from 860 million yuan to 5.347 billion yuan;the value of adjustment services increased from 7.922 billion yuan to 9.136 billion yuan,with a maximum of 10.838 billion yuan during the period;the value of cultural services increased from 75 million yuan to 1.859 billion yuan,a growth range Mainly concentrated in 2010-2020.Finally,the GEP of township units showed an upward trend.Among them,Tashan Town,Zizhuang Town and Biantang Town had higher GEP,with an annual maximum value of 2.524 billion yuan;Laokuang Street had the smallest GEP,with an annual minimum value of 302 million yuan;Pan’an Lake Sub-districts and Xuzhou Industrial Park are the administrative units with the largest and smallest increases in GEP respectively;Laokuang Sub-district,Zhuyushan Sub-district and Pan’an Lake Sub-district are the main areas where GEP changes.(3)The analysis of the influencing factors of ecological effects shows that the GEP in Jiawang District is affected by various factors such as physical geography and socioeconomics,and the combined effect of different influencing factors can promote the sustainable and healthy development of the ecosystem in Jiawang District.Firstly,the value per unit area of ecological land is in the order of water area > forest land >grassland > cultivated land.The value per unit area of forest land,cultivated land and water area shows an increasing trend,and the value per unit area of water area increases the most.The order of GEP size is basically cultivated land > water area > forest land >grassland.the GEP of cultivated land is the largest.Except for 2015,the GEP of grassland is the smallest,the GEP of water area has the largest growth rate of 172.60%,and the GEP of woodland is relatively stable,with an increase of 679 million yuan in value,an increase of 36.27%.Secondly,among the factors affecting ecosystem regulation services,natural and geographical factors mostly show a positive effect,that is,with the increase of altitude,slope and annual average temperature,the value of ecosystem regulation services increases,while social and economic factors increase the value of ecosystem regulation services.The impact of human activity intensity and GDP on the value of ecosystem regulation services is always negative.Finally,after 2010,the ecological effect of Jiawang District has been significantly developed,and the urban ecological protection and restoration and management have achieved remarkable results.By 2015,both the economy and ecology were at a relatively high level of growth.By 2020,the economic development will still maintain a good level.The growth rate of ecological effects has slowed down,but the growth trend is still maintained.